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¹ 4, 2019

Ñêà÷àòü íîìåð æóðíàëà â ôîðìàòå .pdf (33,87 ÌÁ)
  Radiobiology
   
Title:

IMMUNOTROPIC INFLUENCE OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS ON RADIATION-INDUCED IMMUNODEFICIENCY IN ANIMALS

   
Authors: Nizamov R.N. – Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, professor; Konyukhov G.V. – Doctor of Biological Sciences, professor; Sharifullina D.T. – Candidate of Biological Sciences; Titov A.S. – Candidate of Biological Sciences; Shakurov M.M. – Candidate of Biological Sciences.
   
Address:
Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan, (e-mail: vnivi@mail.ru).

   
Abstract:
Owing to an increasing interest for the immunostimulating therapy on the background of wide spread of immunodeficiency with signs of insufficiency of the humoral or cellular component of the immune system in animals and efficacy of immune modulating drugs for the stimulation of the natural resistance at this pathology, we conducted research for the purpose of obtaining and evaluation of microbial immunotropic drugs efficacy on radioinduced immunodeficiency of animals. To study this issue, we have obtained the structural components and metabolic products of E. coli, which separately, in different combinations and in the form of a composite monopreparation was used as a stimulant of immunity against the background of radio-induced immunodeficiency. Radiation-induced immunodeficiency was modeled by a single ?-irradiation of white mice in a dose of 7.7 Gy for 7 days before and 7 days after irradiation (on the background of the development of immunological failure) to the animals once subcutaneously injected subcellular, cellular and composite microbial preparations FI, FII, FIII and FIV based microbes E.coli 2.5?109 CFU/kg of endotoxin - 2.5 mg/kg and the products of metabolism - 78 mg/kg. Of the tested microbial components, the most active was the composition FI+FIV, consisting of a mixture of microbial biomass, culture fluid and endotoxin E. coli, which contributed to the increase of natural radioresistance factors of the body, activating the activity of the Central (bone marrow stem cells) and peripheral (thymus, spleen) immune organs.

   
Keywords: E.coli, acute radiation sickness, metabolic products, Radiation-induced immunodeficiency, microbial substances, bioradioprotector, endotoxin, radioresistance.
   
References:
1. Konoplyannikov, À.G. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po opredeleniyu chislennosti kolonieobrazuyuschikh edinits (KoE) s pomoschyu selezenochnykh endokoloniy [Methodological recommendations for determining the number of colony forming units (CFU) using spleen endocolonies] / À.G.Konoplyannikov. – Obninsk: GU mg. – prof. bol. – MZ SSSR, 1975. – 12 p.
2. Novye podkhody k terapii ostroy luchevoy bolezni [New approaches to therapy of the acute radiation sickness] / G.V.Konyukhov, R.N.Nizamov, N.B.Tarasova, I.N.Nigmatullin // Veterinarny vrach. – 2005. – ¹ 1. – P. 40–43.
3. Radiozashchitnaya aktivnost kompozitsiy na osnove metabolitov E.coli, B.bifidum immunomodulyatorov novogo pokoleniya [Radioprotective activity of compositions based on metabolites E.coli, B.bifidum new aged immunomodulators] / G.V.Konyukhov, R.N.Nizamov, D.T.Sharifullina [et al.] // Veterinarny vrach. – 2016. – ¹ 6. – P. 36–38.
4. Usovershenstvovanie tekhnologii polucheniya radiozashchitnykh preparatov na osnove B.bifidum i E.coli v sochetanii s biopolimerom i otsenka ikh effektivnosti na selskokhozyaystvennykh zhivotnykh [Improvement of production technologies of radioprotective drugs B.bifidum i E.coli combined with biopolymer and evaluation of their effect on farm animals] / G.V.Konyukhov, R.N.Nizamov, D.T.Sharifullina [et al.] // Veterinarny vrach. – 2017. – ¹ 6. –P. 31–35.
5. Maltsev, V.N. Kolichestvennye zakonomernosti radiatsionnoy immunologii [Quantitative regularities of radiation immunology] / V.N.Maltsev. – M.: Energoizdat, 1983. – 85 p.
6. Puti sozdaniya radiozashchitnykh sredstv na osnove izucheniya molekulyarno-biologicheskikh i patogeneticheskikh mekhanizmov luchevogo porazheniya organizma [Ways of creation of radioprotective means on the basis of studying of molecular biological and pathogenetic mechanisms of radiation damage of an organism] / R.N.Nizamov, G.V.Konyukhov, L.M.Surgucheva [et al.] // Veterinarny vrach. – 2005. – ¹ 1. – P. 35–40.
7. Radiozashhitnye kompozitsii na osnove produktov E.coli [Radioprotective compositions based on E.coli products] / R.N.Nizamov, G.V.Konyukhov, À.S.Titov [et al.] // Veterinarny vrach. – 2013. – ¹ 4. – P. 25–27.

   
   
Title:

SYMPTOMATIC RADIATION DISEASE AND NATURAL RESISTANCE OF CALVES AFTER THE TOTAL IRRADIATION

   
Authors: Sarukhanov V.Ya. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Kobyalko V.O. - Candidate of Biological Sciences.
   
Address:
All-Russian Research Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk (e-mail: rirae70@gmail.com).

   
Abstract:
The purpose of this research was to study the course of radiation sickness as well as the natural resistance with external irradiation of calves. The experimental data obtained in FSBSI “RIRAE” on 5 calves of 6 month age, with an average live weight of 157.0 kg irradiated in a dose of 3Gy, and 3 non-irradiated calves were as control. The animals were irradiated on the GUL-24 unit with a 137Cs source with a dose rate of 2 Gy/h. The bactericidal and ?-lytic activity were determined by the methods of Bukharin’s OM in our modification. The autoflora of the upper respiratory tract was determined by the method of taking the examined material from the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. To evaluate a clinical condition of the animals as well as counting the leukocytes and thrombocytes concentration common methods were used. The radiation sickness of calves is found to be clinically similar to the radiation sickness of other ruminants of sheep and goats. The death of animals is preceded by an increase in rectal body temperature till 41.20C. Radiation pathology of cattle is accompanied by reduction in leukocytes concentration by 80-90% and thrombocytes – by 30-80% as well as suppression of ?-lytic blood properties by 60% compared to control. The latent period of radiation sickness of cattle lasts for 10-12 days and accompanied only by reduction in leukocytes and thrombocytes concentration as well as suppression of ?-lytic blood activity. The research have shown that the value of the mortality index (IL) obtained on sheep can probably be used to predict the death of irradiated cattle. 

   
Keywords: emergency situations, cattle, calves, total irradiation, radiation sickness, natural resistance of the body, lethal index.
   
References:
1. Annenkov, B.N. Radiatsionnyye katastrofy: posledstviya i kontrmery v selskom khozyaystve [Radiation accidents: consequences and counter-measures in agriculture] / B.N.Annenkov. – M:. Sanepidmediya, 2008. – 372 p.
2. Astasheva, N.P. Zakonomernosti obrazovaniya aberratsiy khromosom v limfotsitakh krupnogo rogatogo skota pri vneshnem i sochetannom radiatsionnom vozdeystvii [Regularities of formation of aberrations of chromosomes in lymphocytes of cattle with external and combined radiation exposure] / N.P.Astasheva, L.K.Khramtsova // Radiatsionnaya biologiya. Radioekologiya. – 2002. – Vol. 42, ¹ 3. – P. 254–259.
3. Oparina, A.P. Postluchevoy disbakterioz zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta krupnogo rogatogo skota pri luchevoy bolezni [Post radial dysbacteriosis of a gastrointestinal tract of cattle at radiation sickness] / A.P.Oparina // Byulleten Vsesoyuznogo nauchno-issledovatelskogo instituta eksperimentalnoy veterinarii. – 1985. – Vol. 55, Ch. 2. – P. 73–75.
4. Dose studies with cattle exposed to whole-body Co-60 gamma radiation / D.G.Brown [et al.] // Radiation research. – 1961. – Vol. 15. – P. 675–683.
5. Izucheniye osobennostey radiatsionnogo porazheniya krupnogo rogatogo skota v usloviyakh khozyaystv neblagopoluchnykh po nezaraznym zabolevaniyam. Nauchnyy otchet [Studying the features of a radiation damage of cattle in farms unsuccessful for non-contagious diseases. Scientific report] / N.N.Isamov, V.L.Ivanov, V.Ya.Sarukhanov [et al.]. – Obninsk, 1990. – 89 p.
6. Sarukhanov, V.Ya. Metod opredeleniya bakteritsidnoy aktivnosti krovi selskokhozyaystvennykh zhivotnykh: metodicheskiye rekomendatsii [Method for the definition of bactericidal activity of agricultural animals blood: methodological recommendations] / V.Ya.Sarukhanov, N.N.Isamov. – M.-Obninsk, 2006. – 8 p. 
7. Metod opredeleniya beta-liticheskoy aktivnosti krovi krupnogo rogatogo skota [Method for the definition of ?-lytic activity of blood of cattle] / V.Ya.Sarukhanov, N.N.Isamov, N.V.Grudina, P.G.Tsarin. – M. – Obninsk, 2006. – 7 p.
8. Mishanin, Yu.F. Prakticheskaya veterinariya [Practical veterinary medicine] / Yu.F.Mishanin, M.Yu Mishanin. – M.: Mart. 2002. – 384 p.
9. Sarukhanov, V.Ya. Otsenka posledstviy vneshnego ?-izlucheniya i ranniy prognoz ostroy luchevoy bolezni u ovets [Evaluation of external ?-irradiation consequences and early forecast of sheep radiation sickness] / V.Ya.Sarukhanov, N.N.Isamov, V.G.Epimakhov // Veterinarnyy vrach. – 2015. – ¹ 1. – P. 40–43.

  Economics
   
Title:

THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND THE INFORMATION SECURITY SYSTEM OF THE TESTING CENTER OF THE VETERINARY LABORATORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN UNDER THE INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

   
Authors: 1Mingazov N.D. – Master; 2Umarova N.N. – Candidate of Chemical Sciences; 3Ismailova R.N. – Candidate of Chemical Sciences; 4 Valiev M.M. – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences.
   
Address:
1Veterinary Laboratory of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan (e-mail: rvl-rt-kazan@yandex.ru).

2Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan.

   
Abstract:
The most important conditions for the success of the testing laboratory is the passage of the accreditation procedure, stability and reproducibility of test results, the absence of complaints from customers and, ultimately, customer satisfaction. Most quality management systems for testing laboratories operate on the basis of the international standard ISO / IEC 17025-2009 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. Since 2017, a new version of this international standard has entered into force - ISO / IEC 17025?2017; In this version, special attention is paid to the risk-oriented approach and management system integration processes. Laboratories in which the integrated management system is already operating will be much easier to adapt to the requirements of the new version of the international standard ISO / IEC 17025-2017 of 2017. Also, when analyzing the literature data, there is a tendency that testing laboratories in which an integrated management system operates have a number of advantages over those testing laboratories in which there is no integrated management system. In order to identify strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities, a SWOT analysis of the Testing Center was conducted. Also in this work, an analysis was made of the functioning of the management system of the Testing Center of the Republican Tatarstan Republican Veterinary Laboratory, the product life cycle was analyzed, environmental aspects of the activity and factors that adversely affect the Testing Center staff were identified, the Information Security System of the Testing Center was analyzed. An FMEA analysis of abnormal situations during testing was conducted. The information security system of the Testing Center and its effectiveness were analyzed after the FGIS VetIS - FGIS Vesta components were introduced into the Testing Center. Specific proposals to reduce the negative impact of environmental factors on the staff of the Testing Centerhave been developed. The evaluation of the functioning of the elements of the Management System of the Testing Center was carried out and the rationale for introducing an integrated management system into the activities of the Testing Center as a driving vector for further development was given. Specific proposals for improving the activities of the Testing Center have been developed.

   
Keywords: testing laboratory, integrated management systems, assessment of the effectiveness of the quality management system of the testing laboratory, environmental aspects, industrial safety and labor protection, information safety of testing laboratories.
   
References:
1. Vishnyakov, O. Sistemy menedzhmenta kachestva: osnovy, problemy, resheniya [Elektronny resurs] [Quality management systems: fundamentals, problems, solutions [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http:// quality.eup.ru/Materialy7/smk-base.htm, free.
2. Sistema kachestva ispytatelnoy laboratorii [Elektronny resurs] [The quality system of testing laboratory [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://www.ria-stk.ru/mos/adetail.php-ID=8180, free.
3. GOST ISO/MEK 17025?2009 Obschie trebovaniya k kompetentnosti ispytatelnykh i kalibrovochnykh laboratoriy [ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories]. - M.: Standartinform, 2010. - 70 p.
4. Kukhar, V.S. Ekonomicheskaya effektivnost vnedreniya integrirovannykh sistem menedzhmenta kachestva na predpriyatiyakh malogo i srednego biznesa v zernovom proizvodstve Severnogo Kazakhstana (na materialakh Kostanayskoy oblasti): avtoref. dis. … kand. ekon. Nauk [Economical efficiency of the integrated quality management systems introduction into the small and medium business enterprises in grain production of Northern Kazakhstan on the example of Kostanay region: abstract from dis. for cand. of econ. sci.] / V.S.Kukhar. - SPb., 2012. - 23 p.
5. Maysak, O.S. SWOT-analiz: obyekt, faktory, strategii. Problema poiska svyazey mezhdu faktorami [SWOT - analysis: object, factors, strategies. The problem of searching connections between factors] / S.O.Maysak // Prikaspiyskiy zhurnal: upravlenie i vysokie tekhnologii. - 2013. - ¹ 1 (21). - P. 151-157.
6. Ismailova, R.N. Postroenie strategicheskoy karty ispytatelnoy laboratorii OOO “UkuLab” [Formation of a strategic map of the testing laboratory of UkuLab] / R.N.Ismailova, S.M.Goryunova, A.R.Zaynullina // Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. - 2017. - Vol. 20, ¹ 12. - P. 116-118.
7. SWOT-analiz deyatelnosti medicinskoy organizacii v aspekte konkurentosposobnosti uslug [SWOT - analysis of a medical organization in terms of competitiveness of services] / A.Kh.Gudov, S.V.Polyakov, V.A.Kamenskiy, O.V.Chigrinets // Vestnik Roszdravnadzora. - 2012. - ¹ 1. - P. 41?45.
8. Sidorenko, N.A. Primenenie metodiki menedzhmenta riskov v deyatelnosti organa po sertifikacii sistem menedzhmenta kachestva [Applying of risk management techniques in the activities of the certification body for quality management systems] / N.A.Sidorenko // Aktualnye problemy ekonomiki i upravleniya v XXI veke: sbornik nauchnykh statey II Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. [Current issues of economy and management in XXI century: proceedings from the II Int. sci.-pract. conf. ]. - ovokuznetsk: Sibirskiy gosudarstvennyy industrialny universitet, 2016. - P. 135-145.
9. Oficialny sayt FGIS «Vesta» [Official website of the State Information and Information Agency “Vesta” [Electronic resource] [Elektronny resurs]. - Access mode: http://www.fsvps.ru/fsvps/vesta, free.
10. GOST R 51814.2?2001 Sistema kachestva v avtomobilestroenii. Metod analiza vidov i posledstviy potencialnykh defektov [GOST R 51814.2?2001 Quality system in the automotive industry. A method for analyzing the types and effects of potential defects]. - M.: IPK Izdatelstvo standartov, 2001. - 23 p.
11. Kurmasheva, I.G. Primenenie metoda FMEA dlya ocenki kachestva raboty ispytatelnoy laboratorii [Application of the FMEA method for assessing the quality of the testing laboratory] / I.G.Kurmasheva, N.I.Movchan // Vestnik Kazanskogo texnologicheskogo universiteta. - 2014. - Vol. 17, ¹ 24. - P. 412?418.
12. Ispolzovanie analiza vidov i posledstviy potencialnykh defektov (fmea) dlya razrabotki sistemy preduprezhdayushhix meropriyatij ispytatelnoj laboratorii [Applying of analysis of types and consequences of potential defects (fmea) for developing a system of preventive measures of the testing laboratory] / S.M.Goryunova, A.F.Dresvyannikov, N.G.Nikolaeva, N.M.Urmancheeva // Zavodskaya laboratoriya. Diagnostika materialov. - 2006. - Vol. 72, ¹ 8. - P. 58-63.
13. Alimova, E.K. FMEA kak put povysheniya kachestva produkcii [FMEA as a approach to improve the quality of products] / E.K.Alimova, N.G. Nikolaeva // Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. - 2014. - Vol. 14, ¹ 24. - P. 476-478.

  VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY WITH TOXICOLOGY
   
Title:

HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND NATURAL RESISTANCE OF CHICKEN- BROILERS AT DIETS CONTAMINATION BY HEAVY METALS AND SORBENTS USING

   
Authors: Papunidi K.Kh. – Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, professor; Biktashev R.U. - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences; Kadikov I.R. – Doctor of Biological Sciences; Zakirova G.Sh. – Candidate of Veterinary Sciences.
   
Address:
Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan, (e-mail:vnivi@mail.ru).

   
Abstract:
The paper contains data on productivity of cross Kobb-500 chicken-broilers under background of fodder contamination by 0.5 MPC of cadmium and 0,5 MPC of lead and using shungite and zeolite as separately so in combination in correlation 1:1 in doses of 0.25% and 0.5%. Haematological parameters of blood serum are presented. The dose 0.25% of shungite and zeolite of fodder mass is found to be insufficient and it does not secure the poultry organism protection against cadmium and lead influence. Using of sorbents as separately so combinatively in dose 0.5% secures achievement of productivity of broilers from biological control group and promotes increase of phagocyte activity. Introduction of 0.5% shungite into basic diet (without heavy metals contamination) promotes increase of broilers productivity by 10.2% as compared with biological control. Using of zeolite in the same dose does not give a similar effect.

   
Keywords: chicken-broilers, diets, cadmium, lead, shungite, zeolite, hematological parameters, phagocytic activity.
   
References:
1. Avvakumov, E.G Mekhanicheskie metody aktivatsii khimicheskikh protsessov [Mechanical methods of chemical processes activation] / E.G.Avvakumov. – Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1986. – 306 p. 
2. Bezzubtseva, M.M. Mekhanoaktivatory agropromyshlennogo kompleksa. Analiz, innovatsii, izobreteniya: monografiya [Mechanoactivators of agro-industrial complex. Analysis, innovations, inventions: monograph] / M.M.Bezzubtseva, V.S.Volkov. – SPb.: SPb GAU, 2014. – 161 p.
3. Gorshtein, A.E. Adsorbtsionnye svoistva shungitov [Adsorptive properties of shungites] / A.E.Gorshtein, N.Yu.Baron, M.L. Syrkina // Izvestiya. Vuzov, khimiya I khimicheskaya technologiya. – 1979. – ¹. 22. – P. 711–715.
4. Ermolina, S.A. Biokhimicheskie pokazateli krovi tsyplyat-broilerovpriprimenenii algasola [Biochemical parameters of chicken-broilers blood when using algasol] / S.A.Ermolina, K.V.Buldakova, V.A.Sozinov // Biologicheskie nauki. – 2016. – ¹ 9. – P. 34–37.
5. Zhienbaeva, S.T Shungit v kombikormakh dlya tsyplyat-broilerov [Shungite added to mixed fodder for chicken-broilers] / S.T.Zhienbaeva, À.I.Iztaev, Ê.À.Åleuêånîvà // Izvestiya Kyrgyzskogo Gos. Tech. Universiteta imeni .R.I.Razzakova. – 2008. – ¹ 13. – P.191–193.
6. Kalinin, Yu.K. Ecologicheskiy potentsial shungita [Environmental potential of shungite] / Yu.K.Kalinin // Shungity I bezopasnoct zhiznedeyatelnosti cheloveka: materialy I Vseros. nauchno-prakticheskoy conf., [Shungites and human life safety: proceedings from the I-st All-Russian sci.-pract. conf.]. – Petrozavodsk, 3–5 oktyabrya 2006 g. – Petrozavodsk: Karelskiy nauchny tsentr RAN, 2007. – P. 5–10.
7. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po gematologicheskim I biokhimicheskim issledovaniyam u kur sovremennykh krossov ] / I.V.Nasonov, N.V.Buyko, R.P.Lizun [et al.]. – Minsk: Ministerstvo selskogo khozyastva I prodovolstviya Respubliki Belarus, 2014. – 32 p.
8. Novozhilova, O.A. Povyshenie effektivnosti proizvodstva yaits I myasa broilerov na osnove obogascheniya shungitom kombikormov I pityevoy vody dlya ptitsy: dis. ... kand. s-kh nauk:  06.02.10 [Increase in production of broilers egg and meat on the basis of enrichment of mixed fodder and drink for poultry by shungite: dissertation cand. of agric. sciences ] / O.A.Novozhilova. – Vologda - Molochnoe, 2011. – 192 p.
9. Papunidi, K.Kh. Biokhimicheskie pokazateli syvorotki krovi laktiruyushchikh korov pri kontaminatsii ratsionov T-2 toxinom na fone primeneniya vysokodispersnogo kizelgura [Biochemical parameters of blood serum of lactating cows in contamination of diets by T-2 toxin under using superfine kizelgur] / K.Kh.Papunidi, R.U.Biktashev, S.R.Bulankova // Veterinarny vrach. – 2014. – ¹ 3. – P. 8–12.
10.Primenenie sorbentov dlya profilaktiki narusheniya obmena veshchestv I toksikozov zhivotnykh: monografiya [Using sorbents for the prevention of animal metabolic disorders and toxicosis: monograph ] / K.Kh.Papunidi, E.I.Semenov, I.R.Kadikov [et al.]. – Kazan: FGBNU «FTSTRB-VNIVI», 2018. – 224 p.
11. Podchainov, S.F. Mineral tseolit –umnozhitel poleznykh svoystv shungita / S.F.Podchainov [Mineral zeolite – multiplier of useful properties of shungite] // Materialy Pervoy Vseros. naych.-prakt. konf., Petrozavodsk, 3–5 oktyabrya 2006 g.; pod red. Yu.K.Kalinina [Proceedings from the I-st All-Russian sci.-pract. conf., Petrozavodsk, 3–5 oktober 2006; edited by Yu.K.Kalinin]. – Petrozavodsk: Karelskiy nauchny tsentr RAN, 2007. – P. 10–74.
12. Sarsenbaeva, N.B Veterinarno–sanitarnaya îtsenka kachestva produktov ptitsevodstva pri ispolzovanii kormovykh dobavok – tseolitov, probiotikov: avtoreferat. … kand. s-kh. nauk [Veterinary and sanitation assessment of the poultry production quality when using feed additives – zeolites, probiotics: abstract from dissertation for cand. of agric. sciences] / N.B.Sarsenbaeva. – Almaty, 2006. – 50 p.
13. Primenenie novogo adsorbenta «Modibent» dlya profilaktiki mikotoksikozov [Using of a new adsorbent «Modibent» for prevention of mycotoxicosis] / E.I.Semenov, S.A.Tanaseva, A.R.Valiev [et al.]  – Veterinarny vrach. – 2017. – ¹ 3. – P. 30–35.
14. Tremasova, A.M. Farmako-toksikologicheskoe obosnovanie ispolzovaniya prirodnogo minerala shungita I preparatov na ego osnove, nanosorbentov polisorbin I polisorb v veterinarii: dis. … d-ra biol. Nauk [Pharmaco-toxicological substantiation of using of natural mineral shungite and preparations based on it – nanosorbents polisorbin and polisorb in veterinary medicine: dissertation for doctor of biol. sciences] / A.M.Tremasova. – Kazan, 2015. – 351 l.
15. Nauchnye osnovy kormleniya selskokhozyaystvennoy ptitsy] / V.I.Fisinin [et al.]. – Sergiev Posad: VNITIP, 2009. – 351 p.
16. Sharapova, V.Yu. Ispolzovanie shungita v kormlenii kur-nesushek] / V.Yu.Sharapova, N.A.Leri // Ptitsevodstvo. – 2010. – ¹ 9. – P. 31–33.

   
   
Title:

VETERINARY AND SANITARY EXAMINATION OF POULTRY MEAT IN MYCOTOXICOSES

   
Authors: Ermolaeva O.K. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Tanaseva S.A. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Mochtarova S.L. – leading engineer; Semenov E.I. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Papunidi E.K. - Doctor of Biological Science, professor.
   
Address:
Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan (e-mail: vnivi@mail.ru).

   
Abstract:
The article presents the results of veterinary and sanitary examination of poultry meat in mycotoxicoses (T-2 toxicosis, aflatoxins and zearalenones) against the application of shungite and zeolite. The experiments were carried out on broiler chickens of the cross "COBB 500" divided by the principle of analogues into 5 groups (n=5). The first group served as a biological control (BC), received the main diet (RR); the second group received the main diet and a mixture of shungite and zeolite (70:30) at a dose of 0,5% of the diet; the third group received the toxic feed (TC) with mycotoxins in concentrations of T-2 toxin 200mkg/kg, zearalenone 500 µg/kg and aflatoxin B1 50 µg/kg; the fourth group received the toxic feed and the mixture of shungite and zeolite (70:30) at a dose of 0,5% of the diet; the fifth group received the toxic feed and the mixture of shungite and zeolite (70:30) at a dose of 0,25% of the diet. The duration of the experiment was from 21 days of age to the day of the control slaughter, which was performed at the age of 42 days. The meat of the poultry received toxin in the background of using zeolite and shungite When studying the quality and safety of samples of poultry meat treated with the toxin on the background of the application of shungite and zeolite for organoleptic, microbiological and physico-chemical parameters meets the requirements of GOST R 51944-2002, 7702.1-74 and the "Rules of veterinary inspection of slaughtered animals and veterinary-sanitary examination of meat and meat products". With mycotoxicosis of poultry, there is a deterioration of physical and chemical parameters of meat, which are normalized by the addition of enterosorbents to the toxic diet. Normalization of meat indicators is explained by the improvement of resistance of the body and metabolic processes due to the high selective sorption capacity and balanced mineral composition of zeolite and shungite.

   
Keywords: mycotoxicosis, poultry, shungite, zeolite, poultry meat, veterinary and sanitary examination.
   
References:

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3. Isabayev, A.Zh. Veterinarno-sanitarnaya ekspertiza produktsii ptitsevodstva: ucheb.-metod. posobiye po spetsialnosti 5V120200 Veterinarnaya sanitariya [Veterinary and sanitary examination of poultry products: educational and methodological manual in the speciality 5V120200 Veterinary sanitation] / A.Zh.Isabayev. – Kostanay, 2016. – 120 p.
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Title:

TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NEW IMPORT-SUBSTITUTING ANTISEPTIC AGENTS REKOBACT AND REKOSEPT

   
Authors: 1Papunidi K.Kh. - Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, professor; 1Semenov E.I. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; 1Mishina N.N. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; 2Ugrumov O.V. - Doctor of Engineering Sciences, professor; 3Ugrumova V.S. - Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, professor; 4Yarullin R.S. - Doctor of Chemical Sciences, professor; 5Valiev Ì.Ì. - Candidate of Agricultural Sciences.
   
Address:
1Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan (e-mail: vnivi@mail.ru).

2 Public Company “Rosneft”, Kazan (e-mail: Olegugr@yandex.ru).

3CEO ZAO SPC “Himtechno”, Kazan (e-mail: vs@himtehno.ru).

4CEO OJSC “Tatneftekhiminvest-Holding”, Kazan (e-mail: jarullin@tnhi.mi.ru).

5Republican Veterinary Laboratory, Kazan (e-mail: Valiev.mars@inbox.ru).

   
Abstract:
Toxicological and hygienic assessment of the disinfectant Rekobact TU 20.20.14.-031-48680808-2018 was carried out. In accordance with GOST 12.1.007-76, the drug belongs to the 3rd hazard class - substances moderately hazardous. It does not have a pronounced sensitizing effect. The working concentration of the drug (1% aqueous solution) does not irritate the skin. In its native form, Rekobact according to MU 1.2.1105-02 “Assessment of Toxicity and Hazard of Disinfectants” refers to the 3rd class of hazard according to the severity of irritant effect on the skin. Antiseptic for hands "Rekosept" TU 20.20.14.-032-48680808-2018. In accordance with GOST 12.1.007-76, it belongs to the 4th class of hazard - low hazardous substances. It does not have a pronounced sensitizing effect. It does not irritate the skin.

   
Keywords: toxicological evaluation, disinfectants, antiseptics, cationic surfactants, Rekobact, Rekosept.
   
References:
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3. Metody laboratornykh issledovaniy i ispytaniy dezinfektsionnykh sredstv dlya otsenki ikh effektivnosti i bezopasnosti R 4.2.2643—10: vvedeny v deystvie 02.06.2010 [Methods of laboratory research and testing of disinfectants to assess their efficacy and safety R 4.2.2643-10: put into effect 02.06.2010.]. – M., 2010.
4. Otsenka vozdeystviya vrednykh khimicheskikh soyedineniy na kozhnyye pokrovy i obosnovaniye predelno dopustimykh urovney zagryazneniy kozhi: MU 2102-79: utv. Zamestitelem Glavnogo gosud. sanitarnogo vracha SSSR 01.11.1979 [Assessment of the impact of harmful chemical compounds on the skin and justification of the maximum permissible levels of skin pollution: Guidelines 2102-79: utv. Deputy Chief state sanitary doctor of the USSR 01 11.1979 G. – ¹. 2102-79]. – M., 1979
5. Otsenka toksichnosti i opasnosti dezinfitsiruyushchikh sredstv: metodicheskie ukazaniya1.2.1105-02. g: utv. Glavnym gosud. sanit. vrachem RF G.G.Onischenko 10.02.2002 [Evaluation of the toxicity and hazards of disinfectants: guidelines 1.2.1105-02: approved. Chief justice. sanitary doctor of the Russian Federation G.G.Onishchenko 10.02.2002]. – M, 2002.
6. GOST 12.1.007-76 Vrednyye veshchestva. Klassifikatsiya i obshchiye trebovaniya bezopasnosti: utv. Postanovleniem Gosstandarta SSSR ot 10.03.1976. – ¹ 579 [GOST 12.1.007-76 Harmful substances. Classification and General safety requirements: app. By the decree of Gosstandart of the USSR from 10.03.1976. – M., 1976.]. – M., 1976. .
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10. Vliyaniye novogo dezinfitsiruyushchego sredstva na organizm laboratornykh zhivotnykh pri ingalyatsionnom primenenii [Influence of a new disinfectant on the body of laboratory animals when inhalation use ] / A.I.Miroshnikova, V.V.Mikhaylenko, I.V.Kireev [et al.] // Veterinarny vrach. – 2016. – ¹ 1. – P. 50–55.
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15. Shestopalov, N.V. Dezinfektologiya kak molekulyarno–epidemiologicheskoye napravleniye borby s infektsiyami [Disinfectology as a molecular-epidemiologic trend of the infectious control] / N.V.Shestopalov, M.G.Shandala // Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunologii. – 2014. – ¹ 1. – P. 66–70.

   
   
Title:

STUDY OF THE IN VITRO CYTOTOXICITY TESTING OF LACTIC AND PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA

   
Authors: Mukhammadiev Rin.S. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Mukhammadiev Rish.S. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Birulya V.V. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Skvortsov E.V. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Idiyatov I.I. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Valiullin L.R. - Candidate of Biological Sciences.
   
Address:
Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan (e-mail: vnivi@mail.ru).

   
Abstract:
Preclinical study involving new drugs based on biologically active substances produced by using biotechnological methods are determined by the requirements for existing drugs obtained by the new technology and should be based on safety studies on adequate in vivo and in vitro models. A study was made concerning the cytotoxicity in vitro of lactic and propionic acid bacteria against embryonic cow embryo lung epithelial cell lines (LEK), human skin fibroblast (HSF), and human embryo kidney (HEK-293). Strains Lactobacillus salivarus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium, Lactococcus lactis and Propionibacterium freudenreichii were used as lactic acid and propionic acid bacteria. The cytotoxic effect of lactic and propionic acid bacteria was determined by survival of cell cultures using the standard MTT assay and staining cells with trypan blue. The combined incubation of lactic and propionic acid bacteria at concentrations of total protein of 0,25-1050 µg/ml with against HEK-293 human embryonic kidney, HSF human skin fibroblast and LEK cow embryo lung epithelial cell lines did not lead to suppression of cell growth in culture. The morphology of cell cultures after their combined incubation with lactic and propionic acid bacteria was not significantly different from the morphology of control cells. The data obtained by MTT assay and staining cells with trypan blue are confirmed by the results of cell morphology, obtained by light microscopy and indicate the safety of strains of lactic acid and propionic acid bacteria and the possibility of using these microorganisms as probiotics in veterinary medicine.

   
Keywords: probiotics, lactic acid, propionic acid bacteria, cell culture, morphology, survival, cytotoxicity.
   
References:
1. Panin, A.N. Probiotiki - neotyemlemy komponent ratsionalnogo kormleniya zhivotnykh [Probiotics - an integral component of the rational feeding of animals] / A.N.Panin, N.I.Malik // Veterinariya. – 2006. – Vol. 7. – P. 19–22.
2. Sovremennyie bakteriologicheskie preparaty: vliyanie na mikrobiotu kishechnika i rol v lechenii zabolevaniy [et al.] Modern bacteriological agents: the effect on gut microbiota and the role in the treatment of diseases / K.V.Raskina, E.Yu.Martynova, I.R.Fatkhutdinov [et al.] // Russkiy medicinskiy journal. . – 2018. – Vol. 5 (2). – P. 86–91.
3. Thetherapeutic effect of probiotic bacteria on gastrointestinal diseases / J.Sarowska, I.Choroszy-Krol, B.Regulska-Ilow [et al.] // Adv Clin Exp. – 2013. – Vol. 22 (5). – P. 759–766.
4. Reddy, V.S. Role of probiotics in short bowel syndrome in infants and children–asystematic review / V.S.Reddy, S.K.Patole, S.Rao // Nutrients. – 2013. – Vol. 5 (3). – P. 679–699.
5. Probiotic therapy as a novel approach for allergic disease / Z.Q.Toh, A.Anzela, M.L.Tang [et al.] // Front Pharmacol. – 2012. – Vol. 3. – P. 1–14.
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7. Takeda, K. Effects of a fermented milk drink containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on the human NK-cell activity / K.Takeda, K.Okumura // J. Nutr. – 2007. – Vol. 137 (3 Suppl 2). – P. 791–793. 
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10. Isolation, identification, and evaluation of new lactic acid bacteria strains with both cellular antioxidant and bile salt hydrolase activities in vitro // X.Shuang [et al.] / Journal of Food Protection. – 2016. – Vol. 79. – P. 1919–1928. 
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12. Izuchenie izbiratelnoy chuvstvitelnosti kultur kletok in vitro k deystviyu T-2 toksina [Study of selective sensitivity of cell cultures in vitro to T-2 toxin / R.S.Mukhammadiev, R.S.Mukhammadiev, V.V.Birulya [et al.] // Veterinarnyiy vrach. – 2018. – ¹ 5. – P. 24–27.
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  VETERINARY VIROLOGY, EPIZOOTOLOGY AND ANIMAL THERAPY
   
Title:

SPECIFIC PREVENTION OF KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS OF CATTLE CAUSED BY MORAXELLA BOVIS AND MORAXELLA BOVOCULI

   
Authors: Spiridonov G.N. – Doctor of Biological Sciences; Dupleva L.Sh. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Khusainov I.T. – junior researcher; Saripov A.S. - Candidate of Biological Sciences; Makaev Kh.N. – Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, professor.
   
Address:
Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan (å-mail: vnivi@mail.ru).

   
Abstract:
The article presents the research data concerning development of the associated vaccine against infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle based on antigens of bacteria Moraxella bovis and Moraxella bovoculi. The patented strains Moraxella bovis “G97-VNIVI” and Moraxella bovoculi “SKh-Ch ¹6-DEP” isolated from keratoconjunctivitis calves were used as production ones. 3 experimental series of inactivated vaccine have been made. Each series was tested for sterility, harmlessness and antigenic activity. The vaccine was found to be sterile, harmless for laboratory animals and for cattle having a pronounced antigenic and immunogenic activity. Double subcutaneous introduction of vaccine to rabbits in a dose of 2 cm3 causes accumulation specific antibodies in blood serum to Moraxella bovis and Moraxella bovoculi in titers 1:3733,33±1728,20 – 1:7466,67±3456,40. Production testing of the experimental series of vaccine was conducted in 6 livestock farms of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Republic of Tatarstan to be infectious for keratoconjunctivitis of cattle. The disease rate of calves under 6 months age before using vaccine was 30-56%, young cattle under 12 months age – 27-36%, and young cattle after 1 year age and also adult livestock – till 8%. The vaccine was used double with preventive purpose before sending cattle to pasture with an interval of 21-30 days in next doses: calves under 6 months age – 3 cm3, young cattle from 6 till 12 months – 4 cm3, young cattle after 1 year and adult livestock – 5 cm3. The vaccine was found to have a pronounced immunogenic activity. Preventive use of the vaccine made it possible during the year to completely recover 4 farms from infectious keratoconjunctivitis, and in the other 2 farms – to reduce the disease till 2-3%. The vaccine is patented in the Russian Federation, the standard documents have been developed. The positive results of laboratory and production testing of the vaccine make it possible to recommend it to be implemented into the veterinary practice of the Russian Federation.

   
Keywords: infectious keratoconjunctivitis, cattle, Moraxella bovis, Moraxella bovoculi, specific prevention
   
References:
1. Gaffarov, Kh.Z. Infektsionny keratokonyunktivit krupnogo rogatogo skota v regione Srednego Povolzhya i Preduralya [Infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle in the Middle Volga region and in the Urals] / Kh.Z.Gaffarov, G.N.Spiridonov, L.V.Valebnaya // Àktualnye problemy bolezney molodnyaka v sovremennykh usloviyakh: materialy Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf.[Current issues of young animals diseases in modern conditions: proceedings from the Int. sci.-prakt. conf.] – Voronezh, 2002. – P. 188–191.
2. Izolyatsiya Moraxella bovis ot molodnyaka krupnogo rogatogo skota pri infektsionnom keratokonyunktivite [Isolation of Moraxella bovis from young cattle in infectious keratoconjunctivitis] / V.N.Karaychentsev, G.V.Dunaev, À.F.Rusinov, O.V.Babenko // Veterinariya. – 1992. – ¹ 2. – P. 26–27.
3. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike, lecheniyu i spetsificheskoy profilaktike infektsionnogo keratokonyunktivita krupnogo rogatogo skota, vyzvannogo bakteriyami Moraxella bovis i Moraxella bovoculi [Metodological recommendations on detection, treatment and specific prevention of infectious keratoconjunctivitis in cattle caused by Moraxella bovis i Moraxella bovoculi] / G.N.Spiridonov, Kh.Z.Gaffarov, À.I.Nikitin [i dr.]. – M.: FGBNU «Rosinformagrotekh», 2017. – 36 p.
4. Patent ¹ 2145353 Ros. Federatsiya, MPK S 12 N 1/20, À61K 39/095, G01 N 33/569. Shtamm bakteriy Moraxella bovis «G97-VNIVI»», ispolzuemy dlya izgotovleniya diagnostikumov i vaktsin protiv infektsionnogo keratokonyunktivita krupnogo rogatogo skota [Strain of bacteria Moraxella bovis «G97-VNIVI»» used to make diagnosticums and vaccines against infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle] / Kh.Z.Gaffarov, G.N.Spiridonov, F.Sh.Khabibullin [i dr.]; zayavitel FGBU «FCTRB-VNIVI». – ¹ 98117150/13; opubl. 10.02.2000, Byul. ¹4.
5. Patent ¹ 2264227 Ros. Federatsiya, MPK À61K 39/295, C 12 N 1/20, 7/00, À61R 31/00. Àssotsiirovannaya vaktsina dlya spetsificheskoy profilaktiki infektsionnogo keratokonyunktivita krupnogo rogatogo skota na osnove antigenov bakteriy Moraxella bovis i gerpesvirusa tipa 1 [Associated vaccine for the specific prevention of infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle based on Moraxella bovis and herpesvirus type 1 antigens] / Kh.Z.Gaffarov, G.N.Spiridonov, À.Z.Ravilov [i dr.]; zayavitel i patentoobladatel FGBU «FCTRB-VNIVI». – ¹ 2004105105/13; opubl. 20.11.2005, Byul. ¹32.
6. Patent ¹ 2521651 Ros. Federatsiya, MPK S12N 1/20, À61K 39/00. Shtamm bakteriy Moraxella bovoculi «SKh-CH6 ¹-DEP», ispolzuemy dlya izgotovleniya diagnostikumov i vaktsin protiv infektsionnogo keratokonyunktivita krupnogo rogatogo skota [Strain of Moraxella bovoculi «SKh-CH6 ¹-DEP» bacteria used to make diagnosticums and vaccines against infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle] / À.V.Ivanov, G.N.Spiridonov, À.À.Ivanov [i dr.]; zayavitel FGBU «FCTRB-VNIVI». – ¹ 2013117096/10; opubl. 10.07.2014, Byul. ¹19.
7. Patent ¹ 2589819 Ros. Federatsiya, MPK À61K 35/74, À61K 33/06, À61K 31/115, À61R 31/04. Vaktsina protiv infektsionnogo keratokonyunktivita krupnogo rogatogo skota na osnove antigenov bakteriy Moraxella bovis i Moraxella bovoculi [Vaccine against infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle based on Moraxella bovis and Moraxella bovoculi bacteria] / G.N.Spiridonov, À.V.Ivanov [i dr.]; zayavitel i patentoobladatel FGBU «FCTRB-VNIVI». – ¹ 2015120081/15; opubl. 10.07.2016, Byul. ¹19.
8. Spiridonov, G.N. Infektsionny keratokonyunktivit krupnogo rogatogo skota [infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle] / G.N.Spiridonov // Problemy profilaktiki i borby s osobo opasnymi, ehkzoticheskimi i maloizuchennymi infektsionnymi boleznyami zhivotnykh: trudy Mezhdunar. nauch.-proizvod. konf., posvyashh. 50-letiyu VNIIVViM. Tom 2 [Problems of prevention and control particularly dangerous, exotic and little studied infectious animal diseases: proceedings from the Int. sci.-production.]. – Pokrov, 2008. – P. 195–197.
9. Biologicheskie svoystva bakteriy Moraxella bovoculi – vozbuditelya infektsionnogo keratokonyunktivita krupnogo rogatogo skota [Biological properties of bacteria Moraxella bovoculi – causative agent of infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle] / G.N.Spiridonov, L.V.Valebnaya, L.Sh.Dupleva [i dr.] // Veterinarny vrach. – 2017. – ¹ 3. – P. 8–13.
10. Angelos, J.A. Differentiation of Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. from other coccoid moraxellae by the use of polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease analysis of amplified DNA / J.A.Angelos, L.M.Ball // J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. – 2007. – Vol. 19. – P. 532–534.
11. Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov., isolated from calves with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis / J.A.Angelos, P.Q.Spinks, L.M.Ball, L.W.George // Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. – 2007. – Vol. 57. – P. 789–795. 

  GENETICS OF FARM ANIMALS
   
Title:

THE USE OF EMBRYO TRANSPLANTATION TO REALIZE THE PRODUCTION GENETIC POTENTIAL OF COWS AND BULLS IN THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC

   
Authors: Evdokimov N.V. - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, professor; Nemtseva E.Yu. - Candidate of Agricultural Sciences.
   
Address:
Chuvash State Agricultural Academy, Cheboksary (e-mail: EUNemtzeva@yandex.ru).

   
Abstract:
The article presents the results of the comparative characteristics of milk production of cows and bulls obtained by transplantation in the Chuvash Republic. 13 heifers and 3 bulls were obtained by embryo transplantation method, the engraftment of embryos amounted to 61.5%. Comparing the growth parameters of 18 months calves the bulls by this age were revealed to excel their peers by 8.0 kg for living weight, and the heifers – by 12.0 kg. The results of the measurements taken showed that the transplants had a difference over peers in height at the withers 1 cm, oblique body length 3 cm, the chest girth by 3 cm, width of chest, macluckie and hip joints by 1 cm, but inferior to the metacarpus 1 cm. Milk yield of heifers-trasplants and their peers during the lactation period amounted to 6948 and 6352 kg, respectively, with an equal percentage of fat content 3.7 % (difference of 14.5% in favour of the first ones). Productivity comparison of the first-calf transplants with the productivity of recipient cows showed a difference in favor of transplants by 9.4 % or 596 kg. Producer bulls were evaluated by the quality of offspring by two methods: the method of the daughter-peer and the method of the producer index. Found that of proven bulls after improver for the yield of milk and geronimoleft The servicing bull named Globus 0054 is found to be the improver for milk yield and for milk fat content from the evaluated bulls, and as for only the yield of milk the improvers are two of the bulls–brothers – Globus 0054 and Grad 0052.

   
Keywords: embryon, servicing bulls, donor cows, recipient cows, milk productivity.
   
References:
1. Goldobina, L.I. Vliyanie nekotorykh faktorov na molochnuyu produktivnost korov cherno-pestroy porody [Influence of some factors on milk productivity of cows of black-and-white breed] / L.I.Goldobina, E.Yu.Nemtseva, T.V.Rzhanova // Nauchno-obrazovatelnaya sreda kak osnova razvitiya agropromyshlennogo kompleksa I socialnoy infrastruktury sela: materialy Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. posvyashch.85-letiyu FGBOU VO Chuvashskaya GSKhA [Scientific and educational medium as a basis of the development of agricultural complex and a social farm infrastructure: proceedings from the Int. sci/-pract. conf. dedicated to the 85-th anniversary of Chuvash agricultural academy]. – Cheboksary: Chuvashskaya GSKhA, 2016. – P. 162–165.
2. Evdokimov, N.V. Ocenka realizacii geneticheskogo potenciala produktivnosti docherey bykov-proizvoditeley OAO «Chuvashskoe» [Evaluation of the implementation of the genetic potential productivity of daughters of sires, OAO «Chuvash»] / N.V.Evdokimov, M.G.Povova, M.N.Guryev // Nauchno-obrazovatelnaya sreda kak osnova razvitiya agropromyshlennogo kompleksa I socialnoy infrastruktury sela: materialy Mezhdunar.nauch.-prakt.konf. posvyashchennoy 85-letiyu FGBOU VO Chuvashskaya GSKHA [Scientific and educational medium as a basis of the development of agricultural complex and a social farm infrastructure: proceedings from the Int. sci.-pract. conf. dedicated to the 85-th anniversary of Chuvash agricultural academy]]. – Cheboksary, Chuvashskaya GSKHA, 2016. – P. 157–160.
3. Mashurov, A.M. Geneticheskie markery v selekcii zhivotnykh [Genetic markers in animal breeding] / A.M.Mashurov. – M. Nauka, 1980. – 318 p.
4. Nemtseva, E.Yu. Molochnaya produktivnost korov raznoy lineynoy prinadlezhnosti [Milk productivity of cows of different linear belonging ] / E.Yu.Nemtseva // Prodovolstvennaya bezopasnost I ustoychivoe razvitie APK: materialy Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf [Food production safety and the steady development of agricultural complex: proceedings from the Int. sci.-pract. conf.]. – Cheboksary: Chuvashskaya GSKhA, 2015. – P. 317–321.
5. Nemtseva, E.Yu. Prognozirovanie effekta selekcii [Predicting the effect of breeding] / E.Yu. Nemtseva // Agrarnaya nauka – poisk problemy resheniya: materialy Mezhdunar. nauch.-prak. konf. posvyashch. 90-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya zasluzhennogo deyatelya nauki RF, doktora selskokhozyaystvennykh nauk, professora V.M. Kulikova [Agrarian science: search, problems, decisions: proceedings from the Int. sci-pract conf. dedicated to the 90-th birthday honoured scientist of the RF prof. V.M.Kulikova]. – Volgograd: Volgogradskiy GAU, 2015. – P. 72–74.
6. Nemtseva, E.Yu. Ispolzovanie metoda transplantacii zigot v usloviyakh Chuvashskoy Respubliki [Using the method of transplantation of zygotes in the Chuvash Republic] / E.Yu.Nemtseva, N.V.Evdokimov // Veterinariya selskokhozyaystvennykh zhivotnykh. – 2018. – ¹ 8. – P. 51–54.
7. Petrov, I.V. Itogi transplantacii embrionov [The results of embryo transfer] / I.V.Petrov, N.V.Evdokimov, A.V.Ananyeva // Inform. Listok ¹ 82-005-95 Chuvashskogo CNTI [Information sheet ¹ 82-005-95 of Chuvash Scientific and Technical Information Center]. – Cheboksary, 1995.
8. Shishkin, O. Vosproizvodstvo krupnogo rogatogo skota – effektivnye metody kontrolya [Reproduction in cattle - effective control methods] / O.Shishkin // Effektivnoe zhivotnovodstvo. – 2015. – ¹ 9. – P. 38–39.
9. Ernst, L.K.Transplantaciya embrionov selskokhozyaystvennykh zhivotnykh [Embryo transfer of farm animals] / L.K.Ernst, N.I.Sergeev. – M.: Agropromizdat, 1989. – 301 p.

   
   
Title:

PRODUCTIVITY POTENTIAL AND PECULIARITIES OF FEED NUTRIENTS BIOCONVERSION TO MEAT PRODUCTS IN BULL-CALVES OF VARIOUS GENOTYPES

   
Authors: 1Azhmuldinov E.A. – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, professor; 1Kizaev M.A. – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; 1Titov M.G. – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; 2Babicheva I.A. – Doctor of Biological Sciences.
   
Address:
1Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg (e-mail: Titow.ru@mail.ru).

2Orenburg State Agrarian University, Orenburg (e-mail: rector@orensau.ru).

   
Abstract:
The article presents information on the comparative analysis of beef quality and the characteristics of bioconversion of feed nutrients into meat products in bull-calves with different genetic potential. Four groups were formed to study the biological potential of individuals: I - Simmental breed, II – Black-and-White, III – Red Steppe and IV – Kalmyk. During the research, the experimental animals were kept according to the technology adopted at the feedlot of Joint Stock Company named N.E.Tokarlikova in Tatarstan Republic on rations designed to obtain 900-1000 g of average daily gain. The highest rates of growth intensity were observed in Simmental bull-calves when analyzing the growth traits. They exceeded contemporaries from other studied groups by average daily gain by 4.0-9.9%. Individuals of this breed also occupied an advantageous position in terms of meat productivity parameters, in particular, by hot carcass weight - by 3.5–9.5%, flesh - by 3.8–12.0%. At the same time, bulls for the meat direction of productivity had more favorable position in slaughter products yield and its qualitative composition. They had higher hot carcass yield by 0.7-1.9%, flesh yield – by 0.7-2.4% and meat index – by 4.2-12.9% compared with animals from I, II and III group. Biological features of studied animals had a significant effect on nutrient synthesis in meat products. Thus, Simmental bull-calves were ahead of analogues from other groups by the level of protein in the edible part of the body by 2.6–9.5%, and Kalmyk animals had the predominant position in fat deposition by 16.5-40.8%. The same trend was established in its yield per 1 kg of the pre-slaughter weight, as well as bioconversion of protein and feed energy in meat products. With a deeper assessment, relatively high indicators in biological value of muscle tissue were observed in calves of Kalmyk breed. Their level of protein quality value was higher by 2.2-10.7% compared with the contemporaries from other groups.

   
Keywords: bull-calves, meat productivity, nutrient yield, bioconversion, biological value.
   
References:
1. Myasnaya produktivnost I kachestvo myasa bychkov razlichnykh genotipov v usloviyakh promyshlennoy tekhnologii [Meat productivity and meat quality of bulls of various genotypes under industrial technology] / R.G.Iskhakov, V.I.Levakhin, E.A.Azhmuldinov, V.I.Shvindt // Vestnik myasnogo skotovodstva. – 2013. – ¹ 2. (80). – P. 57–61.
2. Levakhin, V.I. Produktivnost bychkov v zavisimosti ot tekhnologii soderzhaniya [The productivity of bulls depending on the keeping technology] / V.I.Levakhin, N.M.Kletushkin, E.A.Azhmuldinov // Zootekhniya. – 1997. – ¹ 2. – P. 21.
3. Rost I razvitie bychkov razlichnykh genotipov v usloviyakh promyshlennogo kompleksa [Growth and development of bulls of various genotypes in the industrial complex] / A.Kh.Zaveryukha, V.I.Levakhin, E.A.Azhmuldinov, M.G.Titov // Vestnik myasnogo skotovodstva. – 2007. – Vol. 1, ¹ 60. – P. 97–101.
4. Novye priyemy vysokoproduktivnogo proizvodstva govyadiny: monografiya [New techniques for highly productive beef production: monograph] / V.I.Levakhin, V.V.Popov, F.Kh.Sirazetdinov [et al.]. – M.: Vestnik Rossiyskoy selskokhozyaystvennoy nauki, 2011. – 412 p.
5. Azhmuldinov, E.A. Vliyanie genotipa bychkov na myasnuyu produktivnost pri zhomovom otkorme [Influence of the bull calves genotype on meat productivity when pulp fattening] / E.A.Azhmuldinov, V.I.Levakhin, N.G Dogareva // Zootekhniya. – 1998. – ¹ 4. –P. 22.
6. Myasnaya produktivnost I kachestvo myasa bychkov razlichnykh genotipov pri otkorme na barde [Meat productivity and meat quality of bulls of various genotypes during fattening by barda] / A.V.Kharlamov, A.M.Miroshnikov, A.N.Frolov [et al.] // Dostizheniya nauki I tekhniki APK. – 2014. – ¹ 4. – P. 62–64.
7. Comparative assessment of nutritional and biological value of beef from calves of various breeds] / I.Gorlov, E.Azhmuldinov, E.Karpenko, E.Zlobina // International scientific conference engineering for rural development. – Jelgava. – 24-26.05.2017. – P. 254–262.
8. Azhmuldinov, E.A. Kachestvennye pokazateli produktov uboya I vykhod osnovnykh pitatelnykh veschestv u bychkov razlichnykh genotipov pri promyshlennoy tekhnologii vyraschivaniya [Qualitative indicators of products of slaughter and the yield of main nutrients in bulls of various genotypes in the industrial technology of breeding] / E.A.Azhmuldinov, M.G.Titov, A.S.Ibraev // Vestnik myasnogo skotovodstva. – 2010. – Vol. 1, ¹. 63. – P. 76–79.
9. Biokonversiya pitatelnykh veschestv korma v myasnuyu produkciyu bychkov pri skarmlivanii im laktobifadola [Bioconversion of feed nutrients into meat products of bulls when they are fed lactobifadol] / Yu.A.Lasygina, V.I.Levakhin, E.A.Azhmuldinov, MG.Titov // Vestnik myasnogo skotovodstva. – 2014. – ¹ 4 (87). – P. 82–85.
10. Khimichesky sostav I energeticheskaya tsennost myakoti tush bychkov pazlichnykh genotipov pri otkorme na barde [Chemical composition and energy value of the pulp of bulls of various genotypes during fattening by barda] / A.V.Kharlamov, A.M.Miroshnikov, A.N.Frolov [et al.] // Vestnik myasnogo skotovodstva. – 2014. –Vol. 2, ¹ 85. – P. 65–68.

 
   
Title:

PARAMETERS OF PROTEIN, CARBOHYDRATE AND LIPID METABOLISM IN NEWBORN CALVES WITH DIFFERENT BODY WEIGHT AT BIRTH

   
Authors: Alekhin Yu.N. - Doctor of Veterinary Sciences; Morgunova V.I. - Candidate of Veterinary Sciences; Kashirina L.N. - Research Assistant.
   
Address:
All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Voronezh (e-mail: exterapi@yandex.ru).

   
Abstract:
Under the conditions of a dairy farm, using standard clinical, instrumental and laboratory methods, studies were conducted to study the characteristics of the biochemical status of calves (n = 299) with different body weight at birth. It has been shown that Holstein breed calves born with a body weight of 36.5 to 29 kg do not have significant differences in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Therefore, this weight range corresponds to the normal level of their intrauterine development. In infants with less weight, metabolic disorders were detected, which gives grounds for finding out of their antenatal hypotrophy. The decrease in body weight at birth by 1 kg causes the activation of protein and carbohydrate metabolism. At that accumulation of lactic acid and a decrease in the activity of aminotransaminases (AST by 29.8%, and ALT by 33.4%), indicating a violation of the mechanisms regulating these exchanges. A weight deficit of more than 2 kg caused an intensification of lipid metabolism. With a decrease in body weight of less than 27 kg, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis and hypoproteinemia are observed, and a decrease in weight to 25 kg caused the development of endogenous intoxication. Thus, in newborns weighing less than 29 kg, significant metabolic disorders were detected, the severity of manifestation of which depends on the degree of weight deficit. At first, it is the activation of metabolic processes, the mobilization of reserves of energy substrates and, first of all, lipids. With the increased severity of hypotrophy, the catabolic orientation of the metabolism and the severity of its failure with the accumulation of toxic products, leading to the development of lactic acidosis, endogenous intoxication and liver pathology, increase.

   
Keywords: cattle, newborn calves, hypotrophy, protein metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, endogenous intoxication
   
References:
1. Àlekhin, Yu.N. Metody diagnostiki perinatalnoy patologii u krupnogo rogatogo skota [Diagnostic methods for perinatal pathology in cattle] / Yu.N.Àlekhin. – Voronezh: VNIVI-FiT, 2013. – 25 p.
2. Àlekhin, Yu.N. Perinatalnaya patologiya u krupnogo rogatogo skota i farmakologicheskie aspekty ee profilaktiki i lecheniya [Perinatal pathology in cattle and pharmacological aspects of its prevention and treatment: abstract dissertation for the doc. of vet. sciences: 06.02.06; 06.02.03] / Y.N.Àlekhin. – Voronezh, 2013. – 46 p. 
3. Àlekhin, Yu.N. Endogennye intoksikatsii u zhivotnykh i ikh diagnostika: Metodicheskie rekomendatsii [Endogenous intoxication in animals and their diagnosis: methodical recommendations] / Yu.N.Àlekhin. – Voronezh: VNIVI-FiT, 2000. – 28 p.
4. Kamyshnikov, V.S. Spravochnik po kliniko-biokhimicheskoj laboratornoj diagnostike [Handbook of clinical and biochemical laboratory diagnostics] / V.S.Kamyshnikov. – Minsk: Interpresservis, 2000. – 463 p.
5. Lederer, M. Vvedenie v ehlektroforez na bumage i rodstvennye metody [Introduction to paper electrophoresis and related methods] / M.Lederer. – Ì.:Izd-vo inostr. Lit, 2012. – 172 p.
6. Malashko, V.V. Morfogenez mnogokamernogo zheludka telyat s raznoj zhivoj massoj pri rozhdenii: monografiya [Morphogenesis of a multi-chamber stomach of calves with different body weight at birth: monograph] / V.V.Malashko, G.À.Tumilovich. – Grodno: GGÀU, 2011. – 172 p.
7. Martynova, O.À. Morfofunktsionalnoe obosnovanie immunnykh narushenij pri gipotrofii telyat i ispolzovanie tsitomedinov [Morphofunctional substantiation of immune disorders in hypotrophy in calves and the use of cytomedines: abstract from dissertation of the cand. of vet. sciences: 16.00.02] / O.À.Martynova. – Ivanovo, 2008. – 20 p.
8. Marshall, W.J. Klinicheskaya biokhimiya [Clinical Biochemistry] / W.J.Marshall, S.K.Bangert: translated from english edited by S.À.Berezhnyak. – 6th edition, revised and enlarged. – M.: BINOM, 2014. – 408 p.
9. Novykh, À.À. Congenital hypotrophy of calves (etiopathogenesis) and restoration of impaired functions [Vrozhdennaya gipotrofiya telyat (ehtiopatogenez) i vosstanovlenie narushennykh funktsij] / À.À.Novykh, O.À.Martynova // Molodye uchenye v realizatsii nacionalnykh proektov: materialy Vseros. Nauch.-pract. Konf. Tom III [Young scientists in the implementation of national projects: materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference. III Vol]. – Izhevsk, 2006. – P. 66-68. 
10. Panfilov, S.À. Diagnostika zabolevaniy pecheni, biliarnogo trakta, podzheludochnoy zhelezy, selezenki i nadpochechnikov s kursom patalogicheskoy anatomii [Diagnosis of diseases of the liver, biliary tract, pancreas, spleen and adrenal glands with a course of pathological anatomy] / S.À.Panfilov, E.V.Panfilova. – M: BINOM, 2003. – 215 p.
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12. Blood plasma protein and lipid pro?le changes in calves during the ?rst week of life / A.Herosimczyk, A.Lepczyñski, M.O¿go [et al.] // Polish J Vet Sci. – 2013. – Vol. 16. – P. 425–434.
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15. Monitoring of physiological and blood parameters during perinatal and neonatal period in calves / G.Piccione, S.Casella, P.Pennisi [et al.] // Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec. – 2010. – Vol. 62. – P. 1–12.

   
   
Title:

DISINFECTING EFFICIENCY OF A HARMLESS COMPOUND BASED ON NEUTRAL ANOLYTE USED TO DISINFECT POULTRY FACILITIES SURFACES

   
Authors: 1Musaev A.M. - Research Assistant; 2Aliev A.A. - Doctor of Biological Sciences.
   
Address:
1Dagestan Agrarian Scientific Center of the Republic of Dagestan - a branch of the “Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute”, Makhachkala (e-mail: Gamid-utamish@mail.ru).

2Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M.M.Dzhambulatov, Makhachkala (e-mail: daggau@list.ru).

   
Abstract:
Currently, there are lots of domestic and imported detergents and disinfectants offered by science and practice to sanitate veterinary facilities. At the same time, among them there are very few available, effective and harmless disinfectants and insectoacaricides. Among such means having both disinfecting and insectoacaricidal properties the disinfecting compounds based on neutral anolyte can be related. The purpose of the research is to study the disinfecting efficiency of harmless compounds based on neutral anolyte used to disinfect poultry facilities surfaces. The experiments were carried out at the Krasnoarmeysk poultry farm of the Republic of Dagestan in poultry facilities of 100×12×4.5 m sized with floored keeping of broiler chickens in the amount of 18 thousands heads at the age of 25 days. To test the disinfecting efficiency of the tested compound, the next test-objects were used: mechanically cleaned surfaces of the floor, walls, and feeders. Directing aerosols of the tested compounds were applied to these objects using automatic nebulizer Orion with an average median particle diameter of an aerosol of 150–200 ?m and a flow rate of 0.2-0.4 l/m2. Evaluation of the disinfecting efficiency of the tested compound was performed before and after the disinfection in 30 and 60 minutes of exposure. The disinfecting effectiveness of a neutral anolyte with a concentration of active chlorine of 0.2 mg/ml in combination with 0.1% salicylic turpentine suspension of the poultry rooms surfaces was at exposures of 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, the floor – 89.1-92.8%, the wall – 75.74-86.70%. Therefore, the harmless disinfecting compound based on a neutral anolyte is an effective disinfectant that can be recommended to be introduced into poultry farms of the Republic of Dagestan.

   
Keywords: neutral anolyte, broiler chickens, disinfection, exposure, CFU, E. coli, St. aureus, beef-extract agar.
   
References:
1. Effektivnost napravlennykh aerozoley EKhA-neytralnogo anolita v sochetanii s salitsilovo-skipidarnoy suspenziey pri dezinfektsii poverkhnostey ptitsevodcheskikh pomeshcheniy.[Efficiency of directed aerosols of ECA-neutral anolyte in combination with salicylic turpentine suspension when disinfecting surfaces of poultry-farming rooms] / A.A.Aliev [et al.] // Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii posvyaschennoy 90-letiyu ch.-kor. RASKhN, zasluzh. deyat. RSFSR, RD prof. M.M. Dzhambulatov. Tom 1 [Proceedings from the International Scientific and Practical Conference dedicated to the 90th anniversary of Corr. Member of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Honored Worker of the RSFSR, Republic of Dagestan, Professor M.M. Dzhambulatov. Vol. I.]. – Makhachkala, 2016. – P. 23-28.
2. Izuchenie effektivnosti novykh ekologicheski bezopasnykh kompozitsiy na osnove neytralnogo anolita [The study of the effectiveness of new harmless compositions based on neutral anolyte] / A.A.Aliev [et al.] // Sovremennye tekhnologii I dostizheniya nauki v APK: sbornik nauch. tr. Vseros. Nauch.-prakt. konf. [Current technologies and developments of science in APK: proceedings from the All-Russian scientific-practical conference]. – Makhachkala, 2018. – P.255–260.
3. Effektivnost dezinfitsiruyushchikh sredstv na osnove neytralnogo anolita [The effectiveness of disinfectants based on a neutral anolyte] / A.A.Aliev, K.A.Karpuschenko, Z.T.Gadzhimuradova, A.M.Musaev // Veterinariya I kormlenie. – 2017. – ¹ 5. – P. 39–41.
4. Dezinfektsionnaya aktivnost EKhA-neytralnogo anolita v sochetanii s salitsilovo-skipidarnoy suspenziey [Disinfection activity of ECA-neutral anolyte in combination with salicylic turpentine suspension] / À.À.Aliev, K.A.Karpuschenko, Z.T.Gadzhimuradova, A.B.Dagaeva // Molekulyarnaya diagnostika 2014: sbornik trudov VIII Vseros. nauch.-prakt. konf. s Mezhdunar. uchast. Tom II [Molecular diagnostics: proceedings from the VIII All-Russian scientific-practical conference with international participation. Volume II]. – M., 2014. – P. 524–543.
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Title:

EFFICIENCY OF FEEDING A NEW SORPTION AND PROBIOTIC ADDITIVE TO MILK-PERIOD CALVES

   
Authors: Ulitko V.E. - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, professor; Desyatov O.A. - Candidate of Agricultural Sciences; Chernyshkova E.V. - postgraduate; Pykhtinà L.A. - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, professor; Kornienko A.V. - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences; Lomakin A.A. - Master.
   
Address:
Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Ulyanovsk (e-mail: kormlen@yandex.ru).

   
Abstract:
Experimental studies conducted on three groups of calves of the black-and-white breed found that the use of a sorption and probiotic additive Biopinular in the amount of 0.5 and 1.0% of the dietary dry matter in the diet during the milk period optimized the microbiocenosis in the rumen and the large intestine in the direction of a sharp increase in the development of Lacto- and Bifido bacteria and inhibition of the development of pathogenic microorganisms. Along with this, the studied additive contributes to a deeper fermentation of the forage mass in the process of cicatricial digestion, manifesting in an increase in the active acidity (pH), cellulolytic activity of bacteria, the content of VFA as the final product of fermentation of carbohydrates, as well as enhancement of the ammonia-binding microflora function, which determined the best energy and protein provision of their body and a significant increase in the intensity of increase in live weight, as evidenced by a large average daily (respectively 8.8 3 and 23.70%) and relative (by 1.63 and 3.86%) increment and lower costs (0.44 and 0.64) of EFU per unit of increment.

   
Keywords: sorption-probiotic additive Biopinular, calves, digestive tract microbiocenosis, cicatricial digestion, productivity, feed conversion.
   
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