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¹ 5, 2013

  Toxicology
   
Title:

STUDY OF SWINE WHITE PULP ULTRASTRUCTURE AFFECTED WITH DIOXINE, T-2 TOXIN AND USING TREATMENT DRUGS

   
Authors: Saitov V.R.; Salnikova M.M.; Kadikov I.R.
   
Address: Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety.
   
Abstract: Russia's entry into WTO can significantly sharpen competition in pork market that is why Russian Federation government should maintain all the required measures to support this market. Besides the diseases of various etiology a significant economical harm in swine breeding is done by toxicoses caused by dioxine and mycotoxins. The aim of our researches was to study the influence of dioxin and T2 toxin on swine spleen white pulp ultrastructure both independently, associated and using zeolite and dimephosphone. The experiments envolved 8 groups of pigs of Large White breed. Dioxin in 1/400, 1/600, 1/800 LD50 dosages and T2 toxin in double maximum residue limit was used for chronic oral exposure during 45 days. One group of animals was additionally introduced 15-% solution of dimephosphone (immune modulator and cell membrane stabilizer) and zeolite adsorber in 2 % from diet ratio. The results of white pulp research demonstrated that both independent and associated exposure to toxicants causes damages of lymphocytes ultrastructure in different levels (chromatine envelope damage, increase of perinuclear space, matrix clearence, loss of crista, membranes destruction and mitochondrial destruction; presence of multilamellar bodies; cytoplasmic vacuolation and granulation). It was shown that T2 toxin has specific influence on nuclear apparatus of cells. Therapeutic effect of demiphosphon and zeolite was proved in the proposed dosages. The morphometricl analysis of mitochondrial ultrastructure alternations was carried out; it showed that damages of cellular bioenergetic processes depend on dosages of introduced toxicants.
   
Keywords: ultrastructure, chromatine, mitochondria, spleen, swine, toxicants, demiphosphone, zeolite
   
  Infectious pathology
   
Title:

PIGLET CJLIBACTERIOSID: VACCINOPROPHYLAXIS

   
Authors: Setdekov R.A.; Yusupov R.Kh.; Ivanov A.À.; Nizamod R.N.
   
Address: Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan.
   
Abstract: The immunogenic activity of experimental anti-colibavteriosis vaccine combined with the SP4PV and polyvalent phormolvaccine was studid using swine and piglets. It was cletcrmined that the swine once subcutaneously introduced subunit 4-pillis vaccine SP4PV in 5 ml dose 6 weehs before delivery induces expressed immunity in newly-bom piglets and provides 90-92,8% survival rate at control challenging with virulent E.coli strain.
   
Keywords: vaccine, serodiagnosis, immumity, survival rate
   
   
   
Title:

STUDY OF THE GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF THE BOVINE LEUKEMIA PATHOGEN IN REPUBLIC TATARSTAN USING THE PCR-RFLP METHOD

   
Authors: 1 Semenova M.E., 1 Faizov T.X., 1 Usoltsev K.V., 1 Aleeva Z.Z., 2 Gruzdev K.N.
   
Address: 1 Federal Center of Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan.
2 Federal Research Center for Animal Health
   
Abstract: The article presents results of genotype determination of cattle leukemia virus isolates, located in the farms of Republic Tatarstan. The work was studied 67 blood samples of cows using nested PCR for gene env BLV. An amplicon size of 444 bp in 27 samples was obtained, that indicate to the presence of proviral DNA of the pathogen leukemia. Positive samples were subjected to restriction analysis with the following restriction endonucleases: PvuII, BamHI, BclI. PCR - RFLP, it was found that livestock were infected by subtype of leukemia virus, which belongs to the Belgian subgroup.
   
Keywords: bovine leukemia virus (BLV), Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
   
   
   
Title:

CLINICAL AND PATOLOGOANÀTOMIC FEATURES OF DISPLAY PASTEURELLOSIS IN CALVES ON FARMS WITH DIFFERENT EPIZOOTIC SITUATION

   
Authors: 1 Gainutdinov T.R.; 2 Kharitonov M.V.
   
Address: 1 Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety.
2 Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine name N.E. Bauman.
   
Abstract: Pasteurella play rather essential role in a pathology of agricultural animals. Under numerous references and our researches it is established a significant role of pasteurella exhaust after diseasing in epizootology illnesses.
It is established, that in occurrence of pasteurellosis the factors reducing natural resistance of an organism play a significant role.
In order to restrict the distribution of pasteurellosis infection whilecarryind out antipasteurellosis measures it is necessary to pay attention to these guest ions.
   
Keywords: infection, pasteurellosis, bacteriocarrier, epizootic focus
   
   
   
Title:

ESTIMATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS-DESTRUCTORS

   
Authors: Matrosova L.E.; Shamilova T.A.; Serova J.V.; Matveeva E.L.
   
Address: Federal Center of Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan.
   
Abstract: The mechanism of intermicrobic interactions of microorganisms-destructors (Saccharomyces cerevisiae – 11 è Candida krusei – 96) and some representatives gram-positive (Salmonella, Staphylococcus) and gram-negative (Escherichia, Proteus, Klebsiella) bacteria is investigated. Taking into account changes of optical density of growing display cultures at addition to them exometabolites and the received cellular extracts of microorganisms-destructors the inhibiting effect is revealed. Expressiveness of antimicrobial activity varied from the investigated test cultures and a growth phase of destructors.
The greatest activity has been fixed at Saccharomyces cerevisiae – 11 in a stationary growth phase concerning Proteus vulgaris.
At addition to indicator strains exometabolite Saccharomyces cerevisiae – 11 in a stationary growth phase antagonistic activity has made 15,0 - 36,4%, in exponential – 6,8 - 23,4%. Expressiveness of antagonism at addition of received cellular extracts Saccharomyces cerevisiae – 11 in a stationary growth phase has made 10 - 27,3%.
Candida krusei – 96 made less expressed impact on growth and viability of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
The greatest antagonistic activity has been noted at addition to Proteus vulgaris exometabolite Candida krusei – 96 stationary growth phases (25 %), in an exponential growth phase has made respectively – 15%.
To a lesser degree Candida krusei – 96 inhibited growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus (5 - 20%).
Inhibiting activity of received cellular extracts Candida krusei – 96 has made - 2-10 %, influence on growth and development Klebsiella wasn't noted.
   
Keywords: antagonism, microorganisms, test - culture, exometabolitås, cellular extracts, culture medium
   
   
   
Title:

ENZOOTICITY – AS A MAIN CHARACTERISTIC OF EPIZOOTIC MANIFESTATION OF RABIES IN THE NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION

   
Authors: Pashkina Ju.V.; Pashkin A.V.; Malushko A.N.
   
Address: Federal State Educational Establishment High Professional Education Nizhniy Novgorod State Agricultural Academy.
   
Abstract: Rabies in Nizhny Novgorod region is characterized by a pronounced territorial and population limits with tendency to their expansion.
   
Keywords: rabies, geographical epizootology, territorial confinement (enzooticity)
   
  Non-transmittable diseases
   
Title:

REGISTRATION OF SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS IN THE EUROPEAN BISON FROM BIALOWIEZA FOREST

   
Authors: 1 Gashkova I.V.;1 Okulova I.I.; 1 Scopin A.E.; 2 Kowalczyk R.
   
Address: 1 Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming RAAS, Kirov.
2 Mammal Research Institute, 17-230 Bialowieza, ul. Waszkiewicza 1, Poland.
   
Abstract: We have identified sclerosing cholangitis during the histological examination of the liver in the European bison from the Bialowieza Forest. It is found in all examined animals. There is evidence of a tendency of chronic developing the this disease with age. Terminal stage of the disease is biliary cirrhosis. Perhaps, sclerosing cholangitis is an autoimmune cause.
   
Keywords: sclerosing cholangitis, liver diseases, european bison
   
   
   
Title:

ACTIVATION CRITERIA OF ADEQUACY OF ANESTHESIA IN SURGICAL PRODUCTIVE ANIMALS

   
Authors: Stepanova L.G.
   
Address: FSEI Tomsk agricultural Institute, Tomsk.
   
Abstract: The problem of a choice of optimum criterion of adequacy of reaction of an organism on the anesthesia of animals isn't solved today. In this regard researches in the conditions of randomization were conducted. By results of researches options of an anesteziologichesky grant were divided taking into account comfort, controllability, safety. Regularity of formation of violations of a metabolism is revealed at surgery with anesthesia use where it is necessary to consider a hypoxia and its consequences as reflection of violation of interrelation of the major systems of a homeostasis: respiratory, circulator, metabolic.
   
Keywords: criteria of adequacy, anesthesia, metabolism, homeostasis, veterinary surgery
   
   
   
Title:

TRAUMATIC RETICULUM IN COWS

   
Authors: Shishkov N.K.; Casimir A.N.; Mukhitov A.Z.
   
Address: FGBOU VPO «Ulyanovsk State Agricultural name Stolypin P.A.».
   
Abstract: The article presents the published data on the distribution of traumatic retikulita in cattle, causes and clinical features of the disease, describes the results of eigen-research on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of traumatic retikulita cows.
   
Keywords: reticulum, magnetic probe, cattle, foreign body, sensing
   
   
   
Title:

THE CAUSES OF HYPOXIA IN CATTLE WITHIN ANTE- AND INTRANATAL PERIODS OF ONTOGENESIS

   
Authors: Alekhin Yu.N.
   
Address: All Russia Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Voronezh.
   
Abstract: Prevalence and causes of fetus antenatal hypoxia, neonatal, intranatal, and secondary postnatal asphyxia were studied at 19 dairy enterprises, on 10 young beef cattle breeding and fattening farms. Prevalence of hypoxia states depends on the animal breed, specialization, and level of technological solutions on the farms. The main causes of fetus antenatal hypoxia are oxygen deficit and mother’s acidosis. The causes of intranatal asphyxia in calves are parturition process disorders or fetus and mother’s anatomic peculiarities. Secondary postnatal asphyxia appears because of respiratory embarrassment, endogenous intoxication or haemodynamics disorders.
   
Keywords: fetal hypoxia, neonatal asphyxia, cattle, prevalence, etiology
   
   
   
Title:

TESTING A NEW DRUG "AKTIVITON" IN THE TREATMENT OF CANINE HEPATITIS

   
Authors: S.A. Starostina
   
Address: Moscow State University of Applied Biotechnology
   
Abstract: Researches on drug use "Aktiviton" for the treatment of acute hepatitis in dogs at a dose of 2.5 ml / head subcutaneous administration for 5 days. 7 days after the course of treatment with an integrated drug "Aktiviton" was not observed in dogs having clinical symptoms of the disease.  A decrease of values of hematological parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the number of white blood cells) to the physiological norm, which show a reduction / cessation of inflammatory processes. Decrease in the basic biochemical blood indices (AST, ALT, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, GGT ) to near the reference values, confirms the recovery of the functional state of the liver in a shorter time. The results of an ultrasound examination of the liver (the homogeneity of the structure of the liver parenchyma, the differentiation of hepatic lobe and the normalization of echogenicity) also suggest a more rapid restoration of the functional state of the organ. The introduction of the drug "Aktiviton" in the treatment promotes faster recovery of liver function and the body's physiological limits to dogs than on a similar regimen without the drug. The results confirm efficiency of the "Aktiviton" drug in the treatment of liver diseases of different etiologies and can recommend the drug for widespread use in veterinary practice.
   
Keywords: dogs, hepatopathy, acute hepatitis, blood biochemistry, hematology blood, liver ultrasound, efficiency of the "Aktiviton" drug, complex therapy of canine hepatitis
   
  Zootechny
   
Title:

IMPACT BIOSTYMULATORS YAP-3 ON NATURAL RESISTANCE WEANED PIGLETS

   
Authors: E.A.Kuznetsova
   
Address: Chuvash State Agricultural Academy.
   
Abstract: To increase safety, prevent mass disease of animals, their resistance to stress factors, ensuring high productivity using immunostimulants.
Safety of weaning piglets and overexposure was the first experimental group 92.4%, while the second - 96.15% in the control group - 89.15%, respectively. This is supported by non-specific humoral protective factors that characterize the state of the natural resistance of piglets.
In the first experimental group, mean group indices of serum bactericidal activity exceeded 30%, the second by 45% compared to the control group. Mean group performance properdin content in experimental piglets otemyshey in the first group more than 20%, in the second - up to 40% compared to control animals.
Established resistance to disease, more rapid weight gain, increased fertility, and weight gain of young, getting healthy offspring, increasing adaptation of animals to stressors at weaning, regrouping, permutation and prevention.
   
Keywords: natural resistance, pigs, the bactericidal activity of serum, properdin
   
   
   
Title:

MEAT AND SUBPRODUCT GUALITY OF HORNED CATTLE UNDERGROWTH IN APPLICATION OF THE PROBIOTIC ADDITIVES «BATSELL» TO THE FORAGE

   
Authors: Alekseyev I.A.; Petrova S.G.
   
Address: The Chuvash State Agricultural Academy.
   
Abstract: According to the results of control weigh inclusion of this preparation in the structure of the main diet of calves within 90 days promoted the increase of prolethal weight of animals for 7,22% (P<0,01). On a surface and on depth of carcasses the smell was specific, peculiar to fresh meat of undergrowth cattle, when pressing by a finger the pole guickly leveled.  In an extract from the cooled-down meat of experimental animals pH was within 6,12 and  pH exstracts of calves meat of the control group was 6,14.  In the meat  of the calwes in both groups aminoammoniac nitrogen contained from 1,20 to 1,26 mg. Experimental animals had dense interrnal end external fat,  practically didn’t differ from  that animals of the control group. Masses of the main subproducts of the animals of the experimental group in comparison with the control analogs, were higher in average: hearts – for 3,66 (P<0,01), lungs – for 3,85 (P<0,01),  liver – for 3,10 (P<0,01),  kidneys – for 3,16 (P<0,01), spleens – for 3,76% (P<0,05) respectively.  In muscles of a sholder blade belt and back area experimental calves in comparison with control ones also had a content of fat and protein more, in average for 2,79-2,54% (P<0,05).
   
Keywords: ðrobiotic additive of «Batsell» undergrowth, horned cattle, muscles, subproducts
   
  Physiology
   
Title:

?-GLUTAMILTRANSFERASA ACTIVITY IN PIGLET'S TISSUE IN ALBUMINOUS-VITAMINOUS-MINERAL CONTRIBUTION INTO THE PIG'S RATION

   
Authors: Terentyeva M.G.; Ignatyev N.G.
   
Address: Chuvash State Agricultural Academy.
   
Abstract: The influence of albuminous-vitaminous-mineral contribution «Panto F-10» on the characteristics of age change ?-glutamiltransferasa activity in the different liver slices of piglets is determined in the article. It is revealed, that albuminous-vitaminous-mineral contribution to the ration of sows and piglets canses essential ferment level changes in milking and fattening periods. In addition, the characteristics of age ferment change activity is nearly the same in the first and the second groups of piglets.
   
Keywords: ?-glutamiltransferasa activity; iver slices: right medial, left medial, right lateral, left lateral, square, piglets, albuminous-vitaminous-mineral contribution «Panto F-10»
   
  Helminthology
   
Title:

DISSEMINATION OF ECHINOCOCCUS AND T.HYDATIGENE IN DOGS OF VARIOUS PUPOSES IN DAGESTAN AS AN EXAMPLE

   
Authors: 1 Makhieva B.M.; 2 Shamkhalov V.M.; 3 Shamkhalov M.V.; 2 Abdulmagomedov S.Sh.
   
Address: 1 Republican Veterinary Laboratory.
2 Caspian Zone Scientific Research Veterinary Institute.
3 Department of Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Supervision for the Republic of Dagestan.
   
Abstract: In the plain area average percentage of echinococcus of herd dogs was 31,9%, farm dogs – 28,5%. Prets, urban and strey dogs are infected of echinococcus – 12,5%, taeniahydatigena- 8,2%. In the foothills area the average percentage of echinococcus infection of herd dogs is 21,5%, t. hydatigena - 13,8%, prets, urban and stray – 8,3%, t.hydatigena- 16,6%. In the urban area the average percentage of dogs infections of echinococcus - 25,5%, t.hydatigena- 13,7%. The farm dogs are infected of echinococcus – 22,2%, t.hydatigena- 5,5%. Prets and stray dogs are infected of echinococcus – 16,6%, t.hydatigena - 8,4%.

   
Keywords: dogs, echinococcus, t.hydatigena,infection, distribution