Archive

№ 5, 2012

	Toxicology

Title:	THE CLINICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SUCKING-PIGS IN CHRONIC INTOXICATION BY DIOXIN

Authors:	Papunidi K.Kh., Idiatov I.I., Kadikov I.R., Vafin I.F.

Address:	Federal Center of Toxicogical, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan.

Abstract:	This article contains the results of experimentally-chronic influence of dioxin in slight doses on clinical status and hematological characteristics of sucking - pigs. For this we conducted of clinical researches and defined contain of erythrocytes, leucocytes, hemoglobin and realized the calculation of different form of leucocytes. By results of researches in chronic poisoning experiment of sucking - pigs by 2, 3, 7, 8 – tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin in dozes of 1/400 LD50 and 1/600 LD50 was found out the clinical signs of intoxication was characterized by decreasing the consumption of fodder and water, general oppression, decreasing the movement activity. The dynamics alteration of live weight animals this groups is demonstrated of progressive decrease growth lag behind in development in comparison with control group animals. The analysis of hematological data showed oppression the function of hematopoietic organs that was characterized by oligocytemia, leucopenia with following the leucocytosis, lymphocytosis and decreasing the level of cells that participate in phagocytosis. In the researching particularities also were installed that 1/800 LD50 during all experiment did not caused changes of clinical and hematological characteristics.

Keywords:	2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin, alimentary poisoning, decreasing the addition of weight, hematogenesises oppression

	Infectious pathology

Title:	THE AEROSOL DISINFECTION DURING ASPERGILLOSIS IN BIRDS

Authors:	Gardashova S.D., Azimov I.M.

Address:	1. Azerbaijan State Agrarian University 2. Azerbaijan State Research Institute for Veterinary Drugs Control

Abstract:	As a result of experiment it has become known that during aspergillosis the preparation "Monclavit-1" is an effective preparation for the disinfection of bird houses. Liquid of the preparation renders bird houses and their air harmless after 2 or 3 time aerosol spraying every three hours.

Keywords:	aspergillosis of birds, Monclavit-1, fungicide properties, aerosol disinfection



Title:	DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCING DRY LIVE BIVALENT VACCINE AGAINST THE LISTERIOSIS ANIMALS FROM STRAINS USHI -19 AND USHI-52

Authors:	1Pavlenko I.V.; 1Men'shenin V.V.; 1Nezhuta A.A.; 1Grin A.V.; 2Lyzan N.S.

Address:	1. Russian Academy for Agricultural Sciences All-Russia Research Technological Institute for Biological Industry. 2. Federal State Unitar Enterprise "Shchyolkovo Plant"

Abstract:	The technology of bacterial vaccine production is a multi-purpose problem, one of whose key focus is the development of modern processes of microorganism cultivation, which increases the yield of the final product and obtains effective veterinary medicines. The sublimation drying is the final stage of dry biological production, herewith the importance is given to protective agents, which affect not only the process of drying the bacterial mass, but also the persistence of its properties, especially during a long-term storage. The developed substratum and the Listeria managed cultivation allow to reduce the duration of the adaptation phase up to 0.5 hours, to double the ultimate bacteria accumulation and to cut also in half the time of cultivation. The developed protective drying substratum increases the persistence of viable microorganisms in the vaccine during storage by 20% more than the instructive one. The obtained Listeria culture with a controlled growth in fermenters were typical of its biological properties.

Keywords:	vaccine, listeriosis, culture medium, cultivation mode, the parameters of cultivation



Title:	COMPARISON OF TEST-SYSTEMS FOR DETECTION OF TUBERCULOSIS IN ALPACAS

Authors:	Shuralev E.A.

Address:	Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan.

Abstract:	Mycobacterium bovis infection is a persistent problem that affects many domestic and wildlife species. When the infection is present in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) the symptoms such as coughing, respiratory problems, weight loss, may not be shown until the disease has reached advanced stages. Currently the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test is used for diagnosis mainly. However the sensitivity and the specificity of the test are not sufficient. Here we compare three tests for the detection of tuberculosis in alpacas. Samples of 44 animals were obtained from TB Research Group, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Weybridge, United Kingdom, and the Stat-Pak rapid test and IFN-? assay was carried-out there, and Enferplex TB assay was performed in Serological laboratory of Enfer Scientific, Naas, Ireland. In this herd tuberculosis was identified and confirmed using bacteriology previously to this study. Post mortem examination was carried-out in all animals. 15 of 44 alpacas had visible lesions. The Stat-Pak detected 12, IFN-? all 15 and Enferplex assay 14 of these 15 animals. The kappa agreement for the sam¬ples from animals with confirmed infection status comparing the Stat-Pak and the IFN-? assay was 0.841, for the Enferplex TB assay and the Stat-Pak was 0.782 and IFN-? assay versus Enferplex TB assay was 0.949. High sensitivity and specificity of the test-systems indicates the potential for use of all three tests in combinations for the ante-mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in alpacas.

Keywords:	alpaca, tuberculosis, serological diagnostics, kappa index



Title:	RESULTS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF THE SKIN OF HEALTHY REPTILES ARE IN CAPTIVITY

Authors:	1Martyshin A.V.; Kovalchuk N.M.

Address:	1. SEAB HPT Krasnoyarsk State Agricultural University. 2. Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine.

Abstract:	Еstablished during the evolution of microbial biocoenosis in various organ systems of animals maintain their normal physiological functions and play a role in immunity. Changes in microbial biocenoses in many cases lead to the emergence of pathological processes in the relevant bodies. The main risk factor for human infection by contact with reptiles is their bacteriocarrier. To date, the main problem is that exotic animals held in the home, without exposing veterinary research. This paper presents the results of laboratory tests for microbiological monitoring of surface integument reptiles. We describe the morphological, cultural and biochemical properties of the isolated microorganisms, and also provides information to determine pathogenicity factors and the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.

Keywords:	Microbiology, bacteriocarrier reptiles



Title:	THE MAIN NOZOFORMES OF INFECTIOUS PATHOLOGY IN CONDITIONS OF TERRITORIAL APPLICATION OF INDUSTRIAL POULTRY FARMING

Authors:	1Shilkina L.V.; 1Kozyrenko O.V.; 2Kolobov E.A.; 1Piuncina V.V.; 3Ibragimov Sh.N.; 4Pomazov E.A.; 4Jezlova N.V.; 1Aliev A.A.; 1Shacerova E.N.; 1Sochnev V.V.

Address:	1. Federal State Educational Establishment High Professional Education Nizhniy Novgorod State Agricultural Academy. 2. Committee of state veterinary control of Nizhniy Novgorod region. 3. Management of veterinary medicine of West region Kazakhstan republic. 4. Management of veterinary medicine of Nizhniy Novgorod.

Abstract:	The efficiency of poultry farms depend on its epizootic condition. The epizootic monitoring of forming of nozoprofile of birds’ infectious pathology is method of management of epizootic situation and epizootic parameters of populations. It is important element of production of high-quality products of poultry industry.

Keywords:	nozoformes, infectious and invasion pathology, populations, poultry industry



Title:	THE ESTIMATION OF THE SENSITIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES TO LEVAMISOLE IN CATTLE TO LEUKOSIS

Authors:	Morozova O.V., Vlasenko V.S., Dudoladova T.S.

Address:	All-Russian research institute of animal brucellosis and tuberculosis.

Abstract:	The aim of the present work was to study the effects of levamisole on the functional activity of T-lymphocytes in vitro in cattle with varying degrees of compromise to the bovine leukemia. In the first stage in order to select the optimal concentration of levamisole to assess the sensitivity of lymphocytes in the reaction of spontaneous rosette formation (E-rosette test) in carriers of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and the BLV-infected cattle have used different drug concentrations: 50 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml and 0.01 mg/ml. At the same time there was noted that the preferred use of levamisole in a final concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. In the second phase of work it was a comparative study of the blood of cattle with varying degrees of compromise in leukemia by setting the E-rosette test with pure suspension of lymphocytes and lymphocytes treated with levamisole, followed by calculation of the index shift (IS), defined as the ratio of the number of T-lymphocytes bringing the receptor for sheep erythrocytes after incubation with levamisole to the number before incubation with levamisole. It was found that in healthy animals IS does not exceed 0.95, while the BLV carriers and animals with leukemia increased to 1.2 and above. Thus, the result of the investigations it was found that incubation of lymphocytes peripheral blood of animals with leukemia and BLV carriers with levamisole at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml in vitro has a stimulating effect on the reaction of spontaneous rosette formation, while at the same time does not cause a significant impact on lymphocytes of healthy animals.

Keywords:	leukosis, receptors to erythrocytes the ram, levamisole, reaction of immune diffusion, Т-lymphocytes



Title:	DISINFECTION OF THE OBJECTS CONTAMINATED WITH THE AGENT OF HIGH CONTAGIOUS BIRD FLU WITH USING ELECTROCHEMICALLY ACTIVATED SODIUM CHLORIDE DILUTIONS

Authors:	Zakomyrdin A.A., Vanner N.E.

Address:	All-Russian Research institute for veterinary, sanitation, hygiene and ecology.

Abstract:	The positive results of the experiments on an effectiveness of electrochemical activated sodium chloride solution at 200 and 500 mg/l concentrations and spraying at 60 cm3/m2 in case of disinfecting the objects contaminated by hugh pathogenic avian flu virus are presented in the paper.

Keywords:	nonspecific defense means, neutral anolyte,acid anolyte



Title:	OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES PRODUCTION OF THERAPEUTIC AND IMMUNOBIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS AGAINST SWINE ERYSIPELAS

Authors:	1Sussky E.V., 2Nochevny V.T., 3Raevsky A.A., 3Bobrowskay I.V.

Address:	1. Armavirskaj biofactory, 2. Saratovsky NIVI, 3. Russian Academy for Agricultural Sciences All-Russia Research Technological Institute for Biological Industry.

Abstract:	In article means and methods of optimisation, standardization and the control of technological processes of manufacture and the control hydrolysates nutrient mediums (broth Хоттингера), a sowing material and periodic cultivation bacteria of a physiognomy of pigs in a bioreactor "Tornado" are presented. It is shown, that introduction in practice of optimum conditions periodic cultivation microorganisms in bioreactors "Tornado" and «Binder» and standard on growth to properties of broth Хоттингера has allowed to reduce terms and to raise level of accumulation of bacteria of a physiognomy of pigs accordingly in 2,1 and 6,6 times, considerably to lower requirement for a qualitative nutrient medium and in 2-2,5 times to reduce expenses for manufacture of standard antigenes for hyperimmunization of animals-producers. During laboratory and industrial researches optimum conditions periodic cultivation bacteria of a physiognomy of pigs are defined. Influence of physical and chemical properties and polypeptides fractions of broth Хоттингера on level of accumulation of microorganisms is proved. Rational schemes of manufacturing and the control of the dry standard sample and a sowing material for manufacture and a quantitative estimation of quality and standardization of industrial series of antigenes according to requirements of domestic and international standards are offered also.

Keywords:	microorganisms, hydrolysates, seeds, cultivation of bacteria



Title:	IMPROVEMENT OF VIRION VACCINES AGAINST RABIES OF ANIMALS

Authors:	1N.M.Pukhova, 1A.Ya.Samuylenko, 2V.I.Zenov, 2S.N.Krasutkin, 3O.S.Zaharchenko.

Address:	1. «All-Russia research institute of technology and the biological industry» (Shelkovo). 2. Federal State Unitar Enterprise "Shchyolkovo Plant" 3. Joint-Stock Company "Inswtitute of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology"

Abstract:	For example, the development of liquid universal inactivated ethanol-vaccine against rabies of animals shown the possibility of improving the virion drugs. The production of vaccine involves the cultivation of rabies virus St. «Shelkovo-51» in cell culture BHK-21 in bioreactors on microcarriers. Tests of ethanol-vaccine (УНИРЭВ) showed that it does not contain live virus that is harmless in parenteral injecting of the different animals in a dose of 1 cm3, does not cause allergic reactions, it is highly immunogenic and antybody activity, keeps rabies immunogen at 6-8?С in a period of 24 months at the level of 2.0-2.5 IU/ml. Defines criteria of effectiveness of production and quality of the vaccine. On the stability of the vaccine is not inferior to the best foreign analogues, but unlike them, does not contain antibiotics and thiomersal. The use of modern biotechnological methods and safe preservatives allowed to create a new high-performance, small dose, virion vaccine for the prevention and emergency protection of animals against rabies.

Keywords:	rabies, vaccine, criteria of efficiency



Title:	ANTIGENIC AND IMMUNOGENIC PROPERTIES LIVE AND GAMMA-INACTIVATED ANTIBRUCELLOSIS VACCINES AT VACCINATION AND REVACCINATION OF GUINEA PIGS

Authors:	Salmacov K.M , Fomin A.M., Safina G.M., Chernov A.N., Kosarev M.A., Fyodorova N. Yu., Chabibullin R.R.

Address:	Federal Center of Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan.

Abstract:	The purpose of the spent researches was studying antigenic and immunogenic properties live, gamma-inactivated and gamma-inactivated combinating with immunomodulater thiosulfate sodim antibrucellosis vaccines from weak agglutinogenic strain B.aborus 82 and agglutinogenic strainB.melitensis Rev-1 at vaccination and revaccination of guinea pigs. Animals immunized the specified vaccines. In 15 days, 1 and 2 months spent serological researches in AT, CFT-S and CFT-R. Later 2 months first half guinea pigs infected with virulent culture strain B.melitensis I6-M, second half revaccinated the same vaccines. Later 4 months after revaccination infected animals in the same way. Later 25-30 days of the infected guinea pigs subjected euthanasia with carrying out serological and bacteriological researches by which results judged about immunogenic efficiency or vaccines. Have established that live vaccine from strain 82 has created immunity to infection at 100% of guinea pigs gamma inactivated - at 60%, 82-qamma with immunomodulater at 100%of guinea pigs. The vaccines from strain Rev-1 both live, and gamma-inactivated created 100%-s' mmunity to infection, and Rev-1 qamma-inactivated with immunomodulater at 60%-s'. Conclusions: The most expressed immune answer at guinea pigs is observed at introduction of live vaccines, in comparison with gamma-inactivated. At guinea pigs immunized by a vaccine from strain 82 both live, and gamma-inactivated, AT and CFT-S with uniform brucellosis an antigene were negative in all terms of researches. Have established that higher immunity antibrucellosis vaccine, theme smaller positive effect renders thiosulfate sodium, up to negative at inicially immunized guinea pigs. The 82-qamma is noted high immunogenic and practically inagglutinogenic properties of a vaccine. It forms the basic for its test immunogenic properties on agricultural animals and in the long term use for specific preventive maintenance brucellosis large and small cattle.

Keywords:	live antibrucellosis vaccines, gamma-inactivated vaccines, antigenic properties, immunogenic properties, guinea pigs



Title:	EFFECTIVENESS OF BETULIN IN POULTRY

Authors:	Zadorozhnaya M.V.; Lysko S.B.; Krasikov A.P.

Address:	State Scientific Institution Siberian Research Institute of Agricultural poultry, Omsk, Russia.

Abstract:	The use of betulin has a stimulating effect on cellular and humoral immunity in vaccination against Newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis, increases the number of T-and B-lymphocytes and enhances the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. It also stimulates the development of immune organs of chicks, increasing the relative weight of thymus and bursa Fabricius. Increases the immunogenicity of the vaccine, the average level of antibodies, respectively, and the duration of the immunity of broiler chickens. Betulin a positive effect on natural resistance and metabolism of broiler chickens, increasing the bactericidal activity of blood serum. It has a stimulating effect on the hematopoietic tissue, increasing the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, thus improving oxygenation of the blood and the body as a whole, contributing to the acceleration of metabolic processes. Betulin increases the amount of total protein in serum, stimulates the synthesis of albumin increases the amount of alpha Council, gamma-globulins in the serum of chickens with the greatest difference in content of gamma globulin, which indicates that the intense process of antibody formation after immunization. The drug has a positive impact on the development of the chick in the growth and finishing periods of life, increase their live weight, daily gain, promotes better digestion and assimilation of food, it reduces the cost of 1 kg of live weight gain. Betulin is not toxic and in accordance with GOST 12.1.007.-76, "Hazardous substances" refers to the 4th class of danger (slightly hazardous substances). The research resulted in a scheme of betulin, allowing post-vaccination increase antiviral immunity after vaccination against Newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis.

Keywords:	betulin, mice, rabbits, chickens, broilers, metabolism, total protein, albumin, globulins, red blood cells, hemoglobin, T-and B-lymphocytes, thymus, bursa Fabricius, the immune system



Title:	USE OF IMMUNOMODULATORS DURING VACCINATION OF PIGS AGAINST SALMONELLOSIS AND THEIR EFFECT ON NONSPECIFIC RESISTANCE AND BIOCHEMICAL STATUS

Authors:	Brigadirov Yu.N.; Shaposhnikov I.T.; Manzhurina O.A.; Mihaylov E.V.; Modin A.N.; Kazimirov O.V.; Chusova G.G.; Hrenova N.A.

Address:	All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics of the RAAS, Voronezh, Russia.

Abstract:	The data about usage of immunomodulators during vaccination of piglets against salmonellosis and their impact on indices of nonspecific resistance and immune status are presented herein. Investigation results show that new immunomodulating medicines «Seleton» and «Aminoseleton», created by a method of cryofactionation, are possessed of marked stimulating influence upon final effectory function of humoral immunity- development of postvaccinal antibodies against salmonellosis antigene in piglest. In the same time immunomodulators lead to improvement in general reactivity of organism, normalization of biochemical status. In combination with vaccination immunomodulators assist in directional stimulation of specific humoral immunity.

Keywords:	immunomodulators, vaccination, piglets, salmonellosis



Title:	DISEASES MONITORING OF LARGE HORNED LIVESTOCK IN NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION

Authors:	Setdekov R.A.

Address:	State Veterinary Administration of Krasnooctyabr district, Nizhni Novgorod region.

Abstract:	Analysis of mortality of cattle in the Nizhny Novgorod region shows that the loss happens more often from illnesses of a non etiology. Most of the cases when this falls in mortality from diseases of the digestive system - to 53.5%, from diseases of the respiratory organs to 28.3%, from diseases, disturbance of metabolism - of up to 20.0%. Greater departure occurs among the young. Mortality from diseases of the infectious nature is rare and reach 2.7% of the total number of cases. In the Nizhniy Novgorod region in cattle have the spread of diseases such as colibacillosis, salmonellosis, pasteurellosis, pseudomonosis, stafilococcosis as well as viral diarrhea is a disease of the mucous membrane, fecv and rotavirus infection, infectious rhinotracheitis and pargripp-3. Among infectious diseases most frequently registered diseases of bacterial nature. However, laboratory studies shit somewhere and blood serum of cattle often given the positive results of the viral infection. This testifies to the fact that in the farms of the Nizhniy Novgorod region along with the pathogens of bacterial infections circulate and pathogens of viral infections. There has been a certain tendency to reduce the morbidity and mortality of cattle infectious diseases. Some areas exempt against colibacteriosis, salmonellosis, pasteurellosis. All this is achieved through the use of vaccines, serums and antibacterial medicines. However, it should be noted that the use of these drugs on the background of violations of the conditions of keeping and feeding of animals does not give proper effect. The struggle with the infection must be waged against all the links of the epizootic process on the background of the improvement of conditions of keeping and feeding of animals.

Keywords:	cattle, mortality, communicable diseases, non-infectious diseases, laboratory researches



Title:	EPIZOOTIC PROCESS OF CATTLE BRUCELLOSIS AND PERSPECTIVES OF DEVASTATION OF AGENT OF THIS INFECTION

Authors:	Avilov V.M.; 1Djupina S.I.; 2Salmakov K.M.

Address:	1. People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow. 2. Federal Centre of Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan.

Abstract:	In this work the short information are presented about results of using of three different schemes of improve against brucellosis of cattle in Russian Federation: without using of measures of specific prophylaxis of brucellosis, and also with application of live antibrucellosis vaccines from strains 19 and 82. At that the variaty of brucella and using of provoking meanses have important role at early diagnostics of infection.

Keywords:	epizootic process, latent carriage of infectious agent, serological tests, mechanisms of transmission of infectious agent

	Non-transmittable diseases

Title:	INJURIES AND COMPLICATIONS CAUSED BY THE AWNS OF CEREAL (PREVENTION AND TREATMENT)

Authors:	1Volotko I.I.; 2Butakova N.I.

Address:	1. Tomsk Аgricultural Institute-branch of Novosibirsk State Agrurian University. 2. Ural State Academy of Veterinary Medicine.

Abstract:	Spine cereals and grasses should not be fed to cattle without preliminary processing. Cellulitis, abscesses and so on removed operative way, it is possible in earlier periods. Key words: cereals, injuries, wounds, antiseptics. In the experience of the 100 patients heifer determine the effectiveness of certain drugs used in the early stages of the disease. Heifer the first (control) group not treated, the animals of the second group of mouth abundantly watered solution of iodine 2 times per day, pet 3 groups provided daily inside for 1 weeks to 5 grams of potassium iodide in 500 ml of water, and the 4 - intramuscularly in the neck jet 500 thousand BICILLIN 3 dissolved in 10 ml of 0.5% solution novokain. Treated within 8-10 days, in the next 90 days watching the manifestation of complications. In the treatment of injuries of the mouth is the most effective intramuscular BICILLIN. After 4-5 applications of the product with an interval of 2 days 22 heifers recovered, 3 patients (12%) have been formed actinomycoma. The second group of 10 days later recovered only 16 of animals, and in 9 (36%) developed abscesses and actinomycoma, in the third group recovered 20 animals, complications have been in 5 (20%). In the control group recovered 13 animals, complications observed in 12 (48%) in 10-15 days after the injury. A comparative assessment of the conservative and surgical treatment of actively conducted on 100 heifers, divided into 5 groups (20 goals in each). Animals of the 1st group into the actinomycoma and on its periphery provided till 10-20 ml of 10% alcoholic iodine solution three times with in 2 days and a break of 1 week, 2nd - 500 thousand BICILLIN 3, dissolve in 10 ml of 0.5% solution novocaine, with an interval of 2 days. In animals, 3, 4 and 5 groups held actinomycoma with the preservation of the walls of the fibrous capsule cavity treated respectively, 10% solution of iodine, BICILLIN 3and ointment Konkova. The introduction of drugs into the wound repeated in 2-5 days depending on the testimony. Provided that the conservative method of treatment, only 21 of the animal out of 40 (52%) had a positive effect. In 19 patients (48%) after 25 days of asset had a tendency to decreasing, and have 7 animals they revealed with the formation of fistulas, at 12 removed by surgery. When conservative treatment of lower efficiency has been the injection of 10% alcoholic iodine solution in comparison with the BICILLIN 3. Within 25 days in the first group recovered 9 of the sick, the second-12. This explains the fact that BICILLIN 3 has a wide spectrum of action on pathogenic microflora, than iodine. The animals of the third, fourth and fifth groups recovered during 15-16 days after the operation.

Keywords:	cereals, injuries, wounds, antiseptics, injection, actinomycoma



Title:	SYMPTOMS AND MORPHOLOGICAL SIGNS OF HEPATOSIS OF NUTRITIONAL ORIGIN IN MINK

Authors:	Kharlamov V.K., Usha B.V.

Address:

Abstract:	The most of non-communicable diseases of fur animals in specialized fur farms due to the feed, the most significant of which is steatosis. Hepatotoxicity developed in violation of the protein-lipid balance in feed: low in B vitamins, including holil, vitamins E and K, protein, sulfur amino acids, the presence of oxidized fats, excess of fat, and deficiency of glycerol phosphatides, especially lecithin. These diseases are mostly affected mink of fur-bearing animals. Hepatotoxicity manifested mink loss of appetite, thirst, emaciation, anemia, and yellowness of the mucous membranes and skin, depression, nervous disorders. Feces are poorly formed, with mucus, acquires color and consistency of tar. The liver is greatly increased, flabby, color from gray-yellow to ocher-yellow, the spleen is enlarged, full-blooded, the kidneys were swollen, pale brown. In the stomach and duodenum black-brown mass, bowel is inflamed. Histologically determined fat and protein dystrophy of hepatocytes, intensive obesity tubules and cerebral cortical layers of the kidneys, chronic colitis, steatite. Pathological anatomic symptoms of hepatosis confirmed by histological examination, allow early detection of the disease and prevent a major loss.

Keywords:	mink, liver, fatty degeneration, steatosis, toxemia

	Zootechny

Title:	MEAT AND SUBPRODUCT GUALITY OF HORNED CATTLE UNDERGROWTH IN APPLICATION OF THE PROBIOTIC ADDITIVES «BATSELL» TO THE FORAGE

Authors:	Alekseev I.A.; Petrova S.G.

Address:	Chuvash State Agrikultural Academy.

Abstract:	According to the results of control weigh inclusion of this preparation in the structure of the main diet of calves within 90 days promoted the increase of prolethal weight of animals for 7,22% (P<0,01). On a surface and on depth of carcasses the smell was specific, peculiar to fresh meat of undergrowth cattle, when pressing by a finger the pole guickly leveled. In an extract from the cooled-down meat of experimental animals pH was within 6,12 and pH exstracts of calves meat of the control group was 6,14. In the meat of the calwes in both groups aminoammoniac nitrogen contained from 1,20 to 1,26 mg. Experimental animals had dense interrnal end external fat, practically didn’t differ from that animals of the control group. Masses of the main subproducts of the animals of the experimental group in comparison with the control analogs, were higher in average: hearts – for 3,66 (P<0,01), lungs – for 3,85 (P<0,01), liver – for 3,10 (P<0,01), kidneys – for 3,16 (P<0,01), spleens – for 3,76% (P<0,05) respectively. In muscles of a sholder blade belt and back area experimental calves in comparison with control ones also had a content of fat and protein more, in average for 2,79-2,54% (P<0,05).

Keywords:	Probiotic additive of «Batsell» undergrowth, horned cattle, muscles, subproducts

	Radiobiology

Title:	OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR SYNTHESIS OF B. BIFIDUM BIFIDOGENIC FACTORS AND RADIOSAFETY COMPOSITIONS (ПЕРЕДЕЛАТЬ)

Authors:	Konjukhov G.V., Nizamov R.N, Sharifullina D.T., Gareyev R. D., Dr. Chem. Sci.; н.с.; Titov A.S.

Address:	Konjukhov G.V., Nizamov R.N, Sharifullina D.T., Gareyev R. D., Dr. Chem. Sci.; н.с.; Titov A.S.

Abstract:	A novel radiosafety preparation was developed using biologically active microorganisms (cultural liquid) and natural minerals (aluminium hydrosilicon) the composition provides up to 73 per cent survival rate among animals irradiated with lethal dose and its using for treatment purpose (in 24 h. postirradiation) raises up to 69 per cent animal survival rate. Therefore, the preparation has desensibilisation effect in cases when animal develops irradiation auto allergy.

Keywords:	B. bifidum, bifidum bacteria methabolism products, cultural fluid, aluminium hydrosilicon, aluminium hydroxide

	Physiology

Title:	BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD OF COWS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF FAT IN THEIR DIET AS A CRITERION FOR COMPLETE FOOD-TION

Authors:	Petrov O.Yu.

Address:	Mari State University.

Abstract:	Optimizing lipid nutrition cows allows direct metabolism toward better use of energy and nutrients to feed milk synthesis, with the best possible products and higher quality. Therefore, changes in the level of fat in the diets of high yielding cows has an effect on blood biochemistry. In the diets of cows were studied fat levels of 3,2, 4,2 and 5,2 % on a dry basis. Increased fat in the diet was carried out by an equivalent alternative energy and protein of grain mixture of wheat bran and rapeseed cake is high in fat. When the concentration of fat, the growth of all indicators of lipid metabolism and reduced almost all indicators of protein metabolism, except for urea. Carbohydrate metabolism, estimated to modify the content of glucose in the blood serum, increased fat in the diets of cows, had no significant effect. In the blood of animals II and III of the experimental groups treated with 4,2 and 5,2 % of the ration dry matter, found increased enzyme activity, reflecting the state of the exchange, but there was a slight effect on the functional state of the liver. Research has shown that the most appropriate biochemical indicators of physiological norm observed at the concentration of fat in the diets of high-yield dairy cows at 4,2 % of the dry matter, which can be considered the best, and the level of 5,2 %. - redundant.

Keywords:	high-yielding cows, the level of fat in the diets, biochemical parameters of blood, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, serum enzymes, the optimal level of fat

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Archive

№ 5, 2012